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Related Concept Videos

Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

Skin Diseases and Disorders

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Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
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Skin Cancer01:30

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Sexually Transmitted Infections01:26

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Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are diseases transmitted primarily through unsafe sexual interactions. Bacteria, viruses, or parasites cause them and can result in severe health complications if untreated.ChlamydiaThe bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the disease Chlamydia, the most common STI in the United States. This peculiar pathogen requires human cells to reproduce, residing intracellularly. The initial infection often goes unnoticed because it typically does not...
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Role of Skin in Vitamin D Synthesis01:23

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The skin plays a crucial role in the synthesis of vitamin D, a vital nutrient for various physiological processes in the body. Vitamin D is unique because it can be synthesized in the skin through a series of chemical reactions triggered by exposure to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation from sunlight.
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Immunodeficiency Diseases01:25

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Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
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Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives01:14

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Merkel Cell Polyomavirus Infection and Detection
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[Human polyomavirus-associated skin diseases].

Steffi Silling1, Alexander Kreuter2,3, Ulrike Wieland4

  • 1Institut für Virologie, Nationales Referenzzentrum für Papillom- und Polyomaviren, Universitätsklinikum Köln und Universität zu Köln, Fürst-Pückler-Str. 56, 50935, Köln, Deutschland.

Der Hautarzt; Zeitschrift Fur Dermatologie, Venerologie, Und Verwandte Gebiete
|April 28, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Human polyomaviruses (HPyVs) reside on the skin, with Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) linked to aggressive skin cancer. Other HPyVs cause rare skin conditions, especially in immunocompromised individuals.

Keywords:
DermatosesImmunosuppressionMerkel cell carcinomaSkin lesionsTrichodysplasia spinulosa

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Dermatology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Eight of 15 known human polyomaviruses (HPyVs) are found on healthy skin, forming the cutaneous virome.
  • Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) is the primary cutaneous polyomavirus, strongly associated with Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC).
  • MCC incidence is rising, predominantly affecting sun-exposed skin in fair-skinned individuals, with risk factors including immunosuppression and age.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of human polyomaviruses in skin health and disease.
  • To highlight MCPyV's role in MCC and TSPyV in trichodysplasia spinulosa.
  • To discuss skin manifestations associated with other HPyVs in immunocompromised patients.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of HPyV research.
  • Analysis of clinical presentations and associations.
  • Summary of current understanding of HPyV-associated skin conditions.

Main Results:

  • MCPyV is the main cause of MCC, a rare but aggressive skin cancer.
  • Trichodysplasia spinulosa-associated polyomavirus (TSPyV) causes trichodysplasia spinulosa in immunocompromised individuals.
  • HPyV6, HPyV7, HPyV9, and NJPyV-13 are associated with various skin lesions, particularly in immunocompromised patients, though their exact roles are unclear.

Conclusions:

  • HPyVs are significant components of the human skin microbiome.
  • MCPyV and TSPyV have established roles in specific skin pathologies.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the roles of other HPyVs in cutaneous diseases.