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Related Concept Videos

Esophageal Strictures-II: Clinical Features and Management01:26

Esophageal Strictures-II: Clinical Features and Management

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Patients with esophageal strictures often experience a range of symptoms. Initially, they may have difficulty swallowing solid foods, which can progress to include liquids. Additional symptoms may involve chest pain or discomfort, regurgitating food and fluids, heartburn, unintentional weight loss, coughing or choking during meals, and hoarseness.
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Sigmoidoscopy and laparoscopy are distinct medical procedures that enable physicians to internally inspect different parts of the GI tract. Although they serve different purposes, each is essential for diagnosing and, in some cases, treating various medical conditions.
Sigmoidoscopy
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Esophageal Strictures-I: Introduction01:30

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Esophageal strictures involve abnormal narrowing or tightening of the esophagus. They vary in length and severity, ranging from mild constriction to complete obstruction, and are classified as benign (noncancerous) or malignant (cancerous).
Etiology
The primary cause of esophageal strictures is long-standing gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), accounting for about 70 to 80% of adult cases. Chronic acid reflux can lead to injury and scarring of the esophageal lining, culminating in...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management01:21

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Surgical interventions for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are essential in managing symptoms and addressing complications. The selection of surgical procedures is contingent upon the specific conditions and complications that stem from these illnesses.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 25, 2025

Tissue Engineering of the Intestine in a Murine Model
08:45

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Paediatric intestinal pseudo-obstruction: a scoping review.

Susan Nham1,2, Alexander T M Nguyen1,2, Andrew J A Holland3,4

  • 1Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW, Australia.

European Journal of Pediatrics
|April 28, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Paediatric intestinal pseudo-obstruction (PIPO) is a rare, challenging disorder. While intestinal transplantation offers a cure, recent advances improve outcomes, with many patients achieving enteral autonomy post-transplant.

Keywords:
ChildrenChronic pseudo-obstructionIntestinal dysmotilityPaediatric

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 25, 2025

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Pediatric Surgery
  • Rare Diseases

Background:

  • Paediatric intestinal pseudo-obstruction (PIPO) presents as bowel obstruction without mechanical blockage.
  • Management is challenging due to limited evidence for medical and surgical therapies.
  • Parenteral nutrition is a common treatment, but long-term use carries severe complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a contemporary summary of PIPO's epidemiology, etiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, management, and complications.
  • To highlight recent advancements in PIPO treatment and outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Scoping review of current literature on paediatric intestinal pseudo-obstruction.

Main Results:

  • PIPO is a rare, heterogeneous disorder with high morbidity and mortality.
  • Complications include chronic pain, bacterial overgrowth, malrotation, and issues related to parenteral nutrition and medications.
  • Recent progress in medical and surgical therapies has improved patient outcomes.
  • Enteral autonomy is achievable within 1 month post-intestinal transplantation for most patients.

Conclusions:

  • PIPO is difficult to diagnose and treat, associated with significant morbidity and mortality.
  • Intestinal transplantation is the only definitive cure for PIPO.
  • Advancements in therapy are leading to better patient outcomes and faster recovery.