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A strength inversion origin for non-volcanic tremor.

Paola Vannucchi1, Alexander Clarke2, Albert de Montserrat3

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|April 28, 2022
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Non-volcanic tremor, a seismic phenomenon, is explained by the failure of weaker blocks within a stronger rock matrix. This occurs in subducting rocks where hydrothermal alteration creates this specific rock structure, leading to seismic events.

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Area of Science:

  • Geophysics
  • Seismology
  • Tectonics

Background:

  • Non-volcanic tremor is an enigmatic seismic activity observed in subduction zones.
  • It occurs at the plate interface, near the edges of the locked zone.
  • Tremor comprises repeating low-frequency earthquakes (LFEs) and very-low-frequency earthquakes (VLFEs), involving shear failure and slip.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explain the characteristic source properties of tremor sub-events.
  • To investigate the geomechanical conditions leading to non-volcanic tremor.
  • To link geological observations with seismic data for tremor understanding.

Main Methods:

  • Integration of geological observations from the Middle America Trench.
  • Geomechanical laboratory measurements on representative rock samples.
  • Numerical simulations of seismic failure in heterogeneous rock assemblages.

Main Results:

  • Tremor events are consistent with the seismic failure of weaker blocks within a stronger matrix.
  • Hydrothermal alteration in subducting rocks causes a strength inversion, creating weaker blocks within a stronger matrix.
  • Seismic failure initiates in these weaker blocks before the surrounding matrix fails.

Conclusions:

  • The study demonstrates a geomechanical model for non-volcanic tremor generation.
  • Hydrothermally altered rock properties explain the characteristic seismic behavior of tremor.
  • This mechanism provides insight into seismic processes at subduction zone plate interfaces.