Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Sustainable Development01:43

Sustainable Development

13.6K
As the human population continues to grow and use resources, we must be mindful of our planet’s natural limits. Sustainable development provides a pathway to maintain and improve human life now while also ensuring that future generations will have the resources that they need. The long-term success of sustainability efforts rests on understanding the interplay between human actions and ecological systems.
13.6K
Softwoods and Hardwoods01:28

Softwoods and Hardwoods

264
Softwoods and hardwoods, derived from different types of trees, are distinguished by their leaf structures and cellular compositions, each serving unique purposes in construction and manufacturing. Softwoods come from cone-bearing trees with needle-like leaves and are predominantly composed of longitudinal cells called tracheids and a smaller proportion of radial cells known as rays. Due to their cellular structure, softwoods are commonly used in construction for structural frames, sheathing,...
264
Xylem and Transpiration-driven Transport of Resources02:03

Xylem and Transpiration-driven Transport of Resources

24.7K
The xylem of vascular plants distributes water and dissolved minerals that are taken up by the roots to the rest of the plant. The cells that transport xylem sap are dead upon maturity, and the movement of xylem sap is a passive process.
24.7K
Lumber Defects01:23

Lumber Defects

236
Lumber defects, which can affect both the appearance and structural integrity of wood, include a variety of growth and manufacturing flaws. Growth defects such as knots and knotholes occur where branches were once attached to the tree trunk, with knotholes forming when these knots fall out. Other natural defects include decay and insect damage, which compromise the wood's strength and durability.
Shakes are minor fractures that run along or across the wood's annual rings, while wane is...
236
Lumber01:19

Lumber

187
Lumber is derived from logs which are harvested, debarked, and processed into long pieces with a rectangular cross-section. The transformation of logs into lumber involves multiple steps, beginning with an automated saw that slices the log into slabs. These slabs are then transported via a conveyor belt to smaller saws, where they are cut into square-edged pieces of specific widths.
Initially, the surfaces of these lumber pieces are rough, and their dimensions may vary slightly from one end to...
187
Wood Products01:21

Wood Products

140
Wood products encompass a broad range of materials crafted from wood strands, veneers, lumber, and even waste wood-like shreds, designed for both structural and nonstructural purposes. Various specialized wood products have been developed to enhance strength, durability, and versatility in building applications.
Glue-laminated wood, often referred to as glulam, combines multiple smaller pieces of dimensional lumber using adhesives to form a single, larger piece. Cross-laminated timber consists...
140

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Commodity frontiers expand more slowly into tropical forests where forest smallholders are present.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same author

Microclimates, land cover, and socioeconomic vulnerability shape Anopheles hotspots in Maryland, USA.

Infectious diseases of poverty·2026
Same author

Policy principles for sustainable and just land systems.

Royal Society open science·2025
Same author

A Causal Inference Framework for Climate Change Attribution in Ecology.

Ecology letters·2025
Same author

To enhance sustainable development goal research, open up commercial satellite image archives.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2025
Same author

Crop booms as regime shifts.

Royal Society open science·2024
Same journal

Spatiotemporal control of myoblast identity drives muscle diversity in the <i>Drosophila</i> leg.

Science advances·2026
Same journal

Stellar feedback drives the baryon deficiency in low-mass galaxies.

Science advances·2026
Same journal

Antiferroelectric thin films embedded with ferroelectric switching loop for giant negative electrocaloric effect.

Science advances·2026
Same journal

Tetraphosphorylated phthalocyanine-based self-assembled monolayer stabilizes perovskite photovoltaics.

Science advances·2026
Same journal

Dual-mode analysis of ischemic stroke based on urine SERS spectra and carotid B-ultrasound.

Science advances·2026
Same journal

Remote homology and functional genetics unmask deeply preserved Scm3/HJURP orthologs in metazoans.

Science advances·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 25, 2025

The Use of Induced Somatic Sector Analysis ISSA for Studying Genes and Promoters Involved in Wood Formation and Secondary Stem Development
09:54

The Use of Induced Somatic Sector Analysis ISSA for Studying Genes and Promoters Involved in Wood Formation and Secondary Stem Development

Published on: October 5, 2016

8.9K

Addressing indirect sourcing in zero deforestation commodity supply chains.

Erasmus K H J Zu Ermgassen1,2, Mairon G Bastos Lima3, Helen Bellfield4

  • 1Georges Lemaître Earth and Climate Research Centre, Earth and Life Institute, UCLouvain, Bâtiment Mercator, Place Louis Pasteur 3, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.

Science Advances
|April 29, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Commodity traders significantly contribute to deforestation. Their opaque, indirect sourcing practices, often over 40%, must be addressed by sustainable initiatives to combat global deforestation effectively.

More Related Videos

Transcript and Metabolite Profiling for the Evaluation of Tobacco Tree and Poplar as Feedstock for the Bio-based Industry
10:50

Transcript and Metabolite Profiling for the Evaluation of Tobacco Tree and Poplar as Feedstock for the Bio-based Industry

Published on: May 16, 2014

15.4K
Twin-Screw Extrusion Process to Produce Renewable Fiberboards
07:21

Twin-Screw Extrusion Process to Produce Renewable Fiberboards

Published on: January 27, 2021

6.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 25, 2025

The Use of Induced Somatic Sector Analysis ISSA for Studying Genes and Promoters Involved in Wood Formation and Secondary Stem Development
09:54

The Use of Induced Somatic Sector Analysis ISSA for Studying Genes and Promoters Involved in Wood Formation and Secondary Stem Development

Published on: October 5, 2016

8.9K
Transcript and Metabolite Profiling for the Evaluation of Tobacco Tree and Poplar as Feedstock for the Bio-based Industry
10:50

Transcript and Metabolite Profiling for the Evaluation of Tobacco Tree and Poplar as Feedstock for the Bio-based Industry

Published on: May 16, 2014

15.4K
Twin-Screw Extrusion Process to Produce Renewable Fiberboards
07:21

Twin-Screw Extrusion Process to Produce Renewable Fiberboards

Published on: January 27, 2021

6.6K

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Agricultural Economics
  • Supply Chain Management

Background:

  • Global commodity trade drives significant deforestation, impacting social and environmental well-being.
  • Commodity traders are pivotal in mitigating deforestation due to their influence in production regions.
  • Current procurement strategies of traders lack transparency, hindering sustainability efforts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze commodity trader sourcing practices in key deforestation-risk sectors.
  • To quantify the extent of indirect sourcing in agricultural supply chains.
  • To identify how to improve sustainable sourcing initiatives by addressing indirect procurement.

Main Methods:

  • Cataloging trader sourcing across four high-deforestation commodities: South American soy, Ivorian cocoa, Indonesian palm oil, and Brazilian live cattle.
  • Analyzing the proportion of commodities sourced directly versus indirectly through local intermediaries.
  • Evaluating the implications of indirect sourcing for current deforestation-elimination strategies.

Main Results:

  • Traders frequently source over 40% of commodities indirectly via local intermediaries.
  • Indirect sourcing represents a significant blind spot in existing sustainable sourcing initiatives.
  • Sectors examined include South American soy, Ivorian cocoa, Indonesian palm oil, and Brazilian live cattle.

Conclusions:

  • Eliminating deforestation requires integrating indirect sourcing into sectoral initiatives.
  • Scaling up landscape or jurisdictional approaches is crucial for internalizing indirect sourcing.
  • Addressing opaque procurement strategies is essential for effective deforestation mitigation in global trade.