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Related Concept Videos

Riboswitches01:56

Riboswitches

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Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
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siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs02:30

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MicroRNAs01:22

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
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Translational Regulation01:29

Translational Regulation

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Translational regulation in prokaryotes ensures efficient protein synthesis by controlling ribosome access to mRNA. This regulation is mediated by secondary RNA structures, including translational riboswitches, RNA thermometers, and small RNAs (sRNAs), which respond to intracellular and environmental signals to modulate gene expression.Translational RiboswitchesRiboswitches in the leader region of mRNAs can regulate translation by altering the accessibility of the Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence,...
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Updated: Sep 25, 2025

Single-Molecule Fluorescence Visualization of DNA Polymerase Dynamics at G-Quadruplexes
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Single-Molecule Fluorescence Visualization of DNA Polymerase Dynamics at G-Quadruplexes

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Interaction between non-coding RNAs, mRNAs and G-quadruplexes.

Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard1, Atefe Abak2, Aria Baniahmad3

  • 1Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Cancer Cell International
|April 30, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

G-quadruplexes are DNA and RNA structures found in gene promoter regions. Understanding their regulation by non-coding RNAs is key to deciphering genetic diseases like cancer.

Keywords:
ExpressionG-quadruplexlncRNAmRNAmiRNA

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • G-quadruplexes are secondary structures in guanine-rich nucleic acids.
  • These structures are prevalent in gene promoter and telomeric regions.
  • Their formation is implicated in genetic diseases, including cancer.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent research on G-quadruplex interactions with non-coding RNAs.
  • To explore the role of G-quadruplexes in gene regulation and disease.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on G-quadruplexes and non-coding RNAs.
  • Analysis of genomic distribution and formation of G-quadruplexes.
  • Examination of interactions between G-quadruplexes, RNAs, and DNA.

Main Results:

  • Non-coding RNAs (e.g., H19, XIST, TERRA) can form G-quadruplexes or influence their formation.
  • G-quadruplexes are found in oncogenic promoter regions and telomeres.
  • Interactions between G-quadruplexes and other nucleic acids are crucial for gene regulation.

Conclusions:

  • G-quadruplexes play a significant role in gene regulation and disease pathology.
  • Non-coding RNAs are key players in modulating G-quadruplex stability and function.
  • Further research into these interactions can unlock new therapeutic strategies for genetic diseases.