The Effects of Combined Therapeutic Protocol on Allergic Rhinitis Symptoms and Molecular Determinants

Area of Science:

• Immunology
• Pharmacology
• Allergy Research

Background:

• Allergic rhinitis (AR) is commonly treated with antihistamines, corticosteroids, and anti-leukotrienes.
• Investigating combination therapy for AR can reveal synergistic effects and improved treatment outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the efficacy of combined drug therapy in an animal model of allergic rhinitis.
• To assess the impact of various drug combinations on AR-related markers and clinical symptoms.

Main Methods:

• BALB/c mice were induced with an AR model and treated with single drugs or combinations: pranlukast, loratadine, fluticasone, or their combinations.
• Key markers including serum immunoglobulins (IgG1, IgE), eicosanoids (LTB4, LTC4), histamine, TSLP, IL-4, and gene expressions (HRH1, CysLT1R, NLR3, Caspase-1, MUC5a) were measured.
• Clinical symptoms such as nasal rubbing and sneezing were recorded.

Main Results:

• All tested therapeutic regimens reduced allergic symptoms and key inflammatory markers.
• The combination of loratadine, fluticasone, and pranlukast demonstrated the most pronounced reduction in symptoms and markers.
• Significant decreases were observed in serum Igs, eicosanoids, histamine, TSLP, IL-4, and specific gene expressions across treatment groups.

Conclusions:

• Combination therapy, particularly the triple regimen of loratadine, fluticasone, and pranlukast, effectively manages allergic rhinitis symptoms.
• This combination therapy likely modulates multiple mechanisms involved in both early and late allergic responses.
• The findings suggest a promising therapeutic approach for allergic rhinitis control.