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Parallel battery pack charging strategy under various ambient temperatures based on minimum lithium plating

Hanqing Yu1,2, Long Yang1, Lisheng Zhang2

  • 1School of Automotive Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai, Shandong, China.

Iscience
|May 2, 2022
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a new charging strategy for lithium-ion battery packs to minimize capacity loss and safety risks. The method effectively reduces degradation and improves performance in various temperatures, especially under high C-rate and low-temperature conditions.

Keywords:
Electrochemical energy storageEnergy SystemsEnergy materialsMechanical engineering

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Area of Science:

  • Battery Technology
  • Electrochemistry
  • Energy Storage Systems

Background:

  • Lithium-ion batteries are crucial for addressing energy crises but suffer from heterogeneous current distribution in parallel packs.
  • This heterogeneity can cause degradation and safety issues like thermal runaway under varying temperatures.
  • Effective charging strategies are needed to mitigate these problems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a low-loss charging strategy for lithium-ion battery packs.
  • To enhance battery performance and safety across diverse ambient temperatures.
  • To minimize capacity loss and prevent side reactions.

Main Methods:

  • A coupled single-cell model integrating particle, electrolyte, degradation, and thermal dynamics was established.
  • A battery pack circuit model was developed, incorporating contact and wire resistance.
  • A charging strategy focused on minimum lithium plating overpotential control was implemented and simulated.

Main Results:

  • The proposed charging strategy effectively reduced capacity loss under high C-rate and low-temperature conditions.
  • Simulations verified the strategy's ability to mitigate degradation and safety risks.
  • The strategy demonstrated improved battery pack performance across various ambient temperatures.

Conclusions:

  • A novel, low-loss charging strategy based on minimum lithium plating overpotential control was successfully developed.
  • This strategy enhances the safety and performance of lithium-ion battery packs, particularly under challenging operating conditions.
  • The findings contribute to safer and more efficient energy storage solutions.