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Updated: Sep 25, 2025

Conformable Wearable Electrodes: From Fabrication to Electrophysiological Assessment
Published on: July 22, 2022
Flexible potentiometric pH sensors for wearable systems
Libu Manjakkal1, Saoirse Dervin1, Ravinder Dahiya1
1Bendable Electronics and Sensing Technologies (BEST) Group, School of Engineering, University of Glasgow G12 8QQ UK Ravinder.Dahiya@glasgow.ac.uk.
Abstract:
There is a growing demand for developing wearable sensors that can non-invasively detect the signs of chronic diseases early on to possibly enable self-health management. Among these the flexible and stretchable electrochemical pH sensors are particularly important as the pH levels influence most chemical and biological reactions in materials, life and environmental sciences. In this review, we discuss the most recent developments in wearable electrochemical potentiometric pH sensors, covering the key topics such as (i) suitability of potentiometric pH sensors in wearable systems; (ii) designs of flexible potentiometric pH sensors, which may vary with target applications; (iii) materials for various components of the sensor such as substrates, reference and sensitive electrode; (iv) applications of flexible potentiometric pH sensors, and (v) the challenges relating to flexible potentiometric pH sensors.
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