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Related Concept Videos

Extraction: Advanced Methods00:56

Extraction: Advanced Methods

555
Metal ions can be separated from one another by complexation with organic ligands–the chelating agent– to form uncharged chelates. Here, the chelating agent must contain hydrophobic groups and behave as a weak acid, losing a proton to bind with the metal. Since most organic ligands used in this process are insoluble or undergo oxidation in the aqueous phase, the chelating agent is initially added to the organic phase and extracted into the aqueous phase. The metal-ligand complex is...
555
Extraction: Effects of pH00:53

Extraction: Effects of pH

731
Consider a neutral form of an amine, B, with a partition coefficient, K, in a liquid mixture containing organic and aqueous phases. The pH of the aqueous phase affects the charge on acidic and basic solutes, and the charged form is usually more soluble in the aqueous phase. Suppose the conjugate acid form of the amine is soluble only in the aqueous phase while the base form is soluble in both phases. Then the distribution coefficient, D, can be given as the ratio of amine concentration in the...
731
Basicity of Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines01:25

Basicity of Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines

6.3K
Heterocyclic amines, where the N atom is a part of an alicyclic system, are similar in basicity to alkylamines. Interestingly, the heterocyclic amine having a nitrogen atom as part of an aromatic ring has much less basicity than its corresponding alicyclic counterpart. For this reason, as presented in Figure 1, piperidine (pKb = 2.8) is significantly more basic than pyridine (pKb = 8.8).
6.3K
Titration of a Weak Base with a Strong Acid01:20

Titration of a Weak Base with a Strong Acid

5.9K
The titration curve of a weak base like ammonia with a strong acid like hydrochloric acid is the mirror image of the titration curve of a weak acid with a strong base.
Using the ICE table and substituting the Kb value, we calculate the initial pH of 50 mL of 0.1 M ammonia to be 11.11. Addition of 25 mL of 0.1 M hydrochloric acid to this solution of ammonia results in a buffer with an equal concentration of ammonia and ammonium ions. The pH of this buffer can be calculated by substituting these...
5.9K
Ion Exchange01:17

Ion Exchange

676
Ion exchange chromatography separates charged molecules from a solution by reversibly exchanging them with mobile, or 'active', ions associated with the oppositely charged stationary phase. This method can be used to separate ions, soften and deionize water, and purify solutions. The polymers comprising the ion-exchange column are high-molecular-weight and chemically stable polymers, crosslinked to be porous and essentially insoluble. They are also functionalized with either acidic or...
676
Basicity of Aliphatic Amines01:21

Basicity of Aliphatic Amines

6.2K
Amines can behave as Brønsted–Lowry bases by accepting a proton from the acid to form corresponding conjugate acids. Due to a lone pair of nonbonding electrons, aliphatic amines can also act as Lewis bases by forming a covalent bond with an electrophile.
To measure the basicity of amines, two conventions are generally used. The first defines Kb as the basicity constant for the deprotonation reaction of water by the amine, as presented in Figure 1. Conventionally, lower Kb indicates...
6.2K

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Assorted functionality-appended UiO-66-NH2 for highly efficient uranium(vi) sorption at acidic/neutral/basic pH.

Sarita Tripathi1,2, B Sreenivasulu1, A Suresh1,2

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Functionalized metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) show high efficiency in extracting uranyl ions from aqueous solutions. A phosphorous-functionalized MOF demonstrated superior sorption capacity, particularly in acidic conditions, highlighting MOFs as versatile solid-phase extractants for radionuclide removal.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Environmental Chemistry
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) offer tunable properties for various applications.
  • UiO-66-NH2 is a robust Zr(IV)-based MOF amenable to post-synthetic modification.
  • Efficient removal of radionuclides like uranium from aqueous streams is critical.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize a library of functionalized UiO-66-NH2 MOFs.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of these functionalized MOFs as solid-phase extractants for uranyl ions.
  • To investigate the influence of pH and functional groups on uranyl ion sorption efficiency.

Main Methods:

  • Post-synthetic modification (PSM) of UiO-66-NH2 with various functional groups.
  • Characterization using FT-IR, NMR, PXRD, TGA, SEM-EDX, and BET analysis.
  • Uranyl ion extraction experiments across a pH range of 1-9, including kinetic and desorption studies.

Main Results:

  • Eight distinct functionalized UiO-66-NH2 derivatives were successfully synthesized.
  • UiO-66-PO-Ph exhibited the highest sorption capacity (~96%) at pH 3.
  • UiO-66-NH2 and UiO-66-IMP showed excellent sorption (~92% and ~90%) at neutral pH 7.
  • Sorption efficiencies varied significantly with functional groups and pH conditions.
  • Rapid uranium sorption (approx. 2 hours) and efficient elution with dilute nitric acid were achieved.
  • MOFs demonstrated moderate recyclability for uranium sorption.

Conclusions:

  • Functionalized MOFs, particularly UiO-66-PO-Ph, are effective solid-phase extractants for uranyl ions.
  • The choice of functional group and pH significantly impacts sorption efficiency.
  • UiO-66-NH2 serves as a versatile platform for developing MOF-based sorbents for radionuclide removal.
  • These materials hold potential for treating uranium-contaminated aqueous waste streams.