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Association between ambient temperature and ambulance dispatch: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Er Xu1, Yanni Li2, Tingting Li3
1Hospital Infection Management Office, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
Summary
High and low ambient temperatures significantly increase ambulance dispatches. This meta-analysis confirms temperature as a key factor influencing emergency medical service needs, highlighting the importance of environmental health surveillance for acute outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Health
- Epidemiology
- Public Health
Background:
- Previous studies on ambient temperature and ambulance dispatch have yielded controversial conclusions.
- A comprehensive understanding of this association is crucial for public health preparedness.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and meta-analyze existing evidence on the association between ambient temperature and ambulance dispatch.
- To provide pooled estimates of the risk of ambulance dispatch associated with temperature variations.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature review and meta-analysis of 25 eligible studies.
- Random effects model used for calculating pooled estimates.
- Subgroup analysis performed to explore differences in temperature effects.
Main Results:
- Overall high temperature significantly increased the risk of ambulance dispatch (RR=1.734).
- Both high (RR=1.152) and low temperatures (RR=1.130) were associated with increased ambulance dispatches.
- Significant associations were found for cardiovascular (RR=1.209) and respiratory diseases (RR=1.126).
Conclusions:
- Ambient temperature, both high and low, is a significant factor influencing ambulance dispatch.
- Findings underscore the need for enhanced surveillance of acute health outcomes in response to environmental conditions.
- Results contribute to a better understanding of the public health impact of temperature extremes.
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