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Musical training improves fine motor function in adolescents.

Andrea Berencsi¹, Ferenc Gombos², Patrícia Gerván²

¹Adolescent Development Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences - Pazmany Peter Catholic University, Budapest, 1088 Hungary; Institute for the Methodology of Special Needs Education and Rehabilitation, Bárczi Gusztáv Faculty of Special Needs Education, Eotvos Lorand University, Budapest, 1097 Hungary.

Trends in Neuroscience and Education

|May 2, 2022

Summary

Musical training enhances complex fine motor skills in adolescents, with greater improvements seen in more intricate tasks. Simple motor speed relies more on brain maturation than experience.

Keywords:

Adolescent Fine motor Finger tapping Maturation Musical experience Task complexity

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Developmental Psychology
Motor Learning

Background:

Adolescence is a critical period for motor development.
The impact of long-term learning on hand function complexity is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate how musical instrumental training influences simple repetitive and complex sequential finger movements.
To differentiate the effects of experience versus maturational factors on motor skill acquisition.

Main Methods:

Mapped hand function in adolescent females (11-15 years) with varying musical training durations.
Controlled for chronological and biological age to isolate learning effects.

Main Results:

Task complexity significantly influences experience-driven performance improvements.
More complex sequential tasks show greater susceptibility to learning-dependent changes.

Conclusions:

Fine motor skills involving cognitive control and brain networks are shaped by experience.
Simple fine motor speed is primarily influenced by white matter development and maturation.