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Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index assessment in elderly patients during the COVID-19 outbreak
Yajun Yuan1,2, Junjie Mao1,2, Xueqing Ou1,2
1Department of Interventional Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-sen University Zhuhai China.
Health Science Reports
|May 5, 2022
Summary
Elderly COVID-19 patients often have underlying conditions and lower blood counts. Nutritional risk assessment, like the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI), may help predict prognosis in these vulnerable individuals.
Area of Science:
- Geriatric Medicine
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) remains a global public health threat, particularly impacting elderly individuals with comorbidities.
- Elderly populations exhibit increased susceptibility due to compromised nutritional and immune functions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of elderly patients diagnosed with COVID-19.
- To evaluate nutritional risk factors and their correlation with COVID-19 outcomes in the elderly.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 126 elderly patients (103 confirmed COVID-19, 23 suspected) from January to March 2020.
- Collection and analysis of epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, and radiological data.
- Assessment of nutritional risk using the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI).
Main Results:
- Elderly COVID-19 patients were more prone to comorbidities and required intensive care and nutritional support compared to younger patients.
- Significant differences observed in elderly patients included lower lymphocyte percentages, red blood cell counts, hemoglobin, and serum albumin.
- While average GNRI indicated no nutritional risk in both suspected and confirmed cases, red blood cell counts and hemoglobin were lower in confirmed elderly patients.
Conclusions:
- Nutritional risk assessment, particularly using GNRI, can be a valuable prognostic indicator for hospitalized elderly COVID-19 patients.
- Proactive anemia prevention and management are crucial for this demographic.
- Continuous nutritional monitoring of discharged elderly patients is recommended.
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