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Classifying simulation-based studies using the description, justification and clarification framework: a review of
Alastair Campbell Graham1, Helen Rachael Church1, Deborah G Murdoch-Eaton1
1Academic Unit of Medical Education, The Medical School, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
BMJ Simulation & Technology Enhanced Learning
|May 6, 2022
Summary
Research on simulation-based medical education (SBME) often omits educational theory. A review of SBME conference abstracts found few studies explicitly declaring their theoretical underpinnings, hindering understanding of SBME
Area of Science:
- Medical Education Research
- Educational Theory in Healthcare
Background:
- Simulation-based medical education (SBME) is a widely accepted teaching methodology.
- Concerns exist regarding the lack of explicit links between SBME research and educational theory.
- Understanding the theoretical basis is crucial for advancing SBME effectiveness.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the extent to which SBME conference abstracts declare their underpinning educational theories.
- To classify SBME abstracts using the 'Description, Justification, and Clarification' framework.
Main Methods:
- Reviewed 1398 abstracts from four major international SBME conferences (2014-2015).
- Classified abstracts based on the 'Description, Justification, and Clarification' framework.
- Identified declared educational theories within the abstracts.
Main Results:
- 54.4% of abstracts were classified as 'Description', 36.3% as 'Justification', and only 9.3% as 'Clarification'.
- Cognitive Theories and Experiential Learning were the most frequently declared educational theories.
- A low proportion of 'Clarification' studies were identified.
Conclusions:
- The limited 'Clarification' studies indicate a gap in understanding how and why SBME works.
- Researchers should be encouraged to explicitly state the educational theories guiding their SBME studies.
- Conference organizers can promote this by adjusting submission guidelines to allow for greater detail.
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