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Selenium and immune responses.

L Kiremidjian-Schumacher, G Stotzky

    Environmental Research
    |April 1, 1987
    PubMed
    Summary

    Selenium (Se) impacts immune function, with deficiency causing immunosuppression and low-dose supplementation enhancing immune responses. This suggests Se plays a crucial role in maintaining health and preventing disease.

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    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Nutritional Science
    • Biochemistry

    Background:

    • Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element with known roles in various physiological processes.
    • Its influence on the immune system, encompassing both innate and adaptive immunity, is a critical area of research.
    • Understanding Se's immunomodulatory effects is vital for health and disease management.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To elucidate the multifaceted effects of Selenium on the immune system.
    • To investigate the consequences of Se deficiency and supplementation on immune cell functions and host defense.
    • To explore potential mechanisms underlying Se's immunomodulatory actions.

    Main Methods:

    • Review and synthesis of existing research on Selenium's impact on immune components.
    • Analysis of studies examining Se deficiency and supplementation in relation to immune responses.
    • Exploration of biochemical pathways potentially mediating Se's effects on immune cells.

    Main Results:

    • Selenium deficiency is linked to immunosuppression, impairing resistance to infections and various immune cell functions.
    • Se supplementation, particularly at low doses, augments immune functions, including neutrophil activity, antibody production, and lymphocyte proliferation.
    • Specific immune responses affected include T and B cell proliferation, NK cell activity, and host rejection of tumors.

    Conclusions:

    • Selenium significantly influences all aspects of the immune system, from development to response.
    • Maintaining optimal Selenium levels is crucial for robust immune function, disease resistance, and potentially cancer chemoprevention.
    • Further research into Se's precise mechanisms of action is warranted for therapeutic applications.

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