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Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications

Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications

Published on: August 12, 2013

Low-temperature all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries based on a di-cross-linked starch solid electrolyte.

Zehua Lin¹, Jin Liu¹

¹School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University Changsha 410083 P. R. China jinliu@csu.edu.cn.

|May 9, 2022

Summary

Researchers developed a novel starch-based solid electrolyte for all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries (ASSLIBs). This material exhibits excellent electrochemical performance at low temperatures, addressing a key challenge for ASSLIB commercialization.

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Electrochemistry
Energy Storage

Background:

Commercialization of all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries (ASSLIBs) is hindered by the challenge of preparing effective low-temperature solid electrolytes.
Existing solid electrolytes often struggle to maintain high ionic conductivity and stability at sub-ambient temperatures.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a novel starch-based solid electrolyte with superior electrochemical properties for low-temperature operation.
To demonstrate the potential of this electrolyte in enhancing the performance and applicability of ASSLIBs.

Main Methods:

Synthesis of a starch-based solid electrolyte using two cross-linking reactions to create ordered lithium salt binding sites.
Electrochemical characterization including ionic conductivity (σ), lithium-ion transfer number (t+), and decomposition potential (dP) measurements at various temperatures.
Assembly and testing of ASSLIBs using LiFePO4 and LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 cathodes with the developed electrolyte.

Main Results:

The starch-based solid electrolyte achieved high ionic conductivity (3.10 × 10⁻⁴ S cm⁻¹ at 25 °C, 3.10 × 10⁻⁵ S cm⁻¹ at -20 °C).
Exceptional electrochemical stability was observed with a lithium-ion transfer number of 0.82 at 25 °C and 0.72 at -20 °C, and decomposition potentials of 4.91 V and 5.50 V, respectively.
ASSLIBs utilizing this electrolyte demonstrated good specific capacity, long cycle life below room temperature, and operational capability at 0 °C with a 4.3 V cathode.

Conclusions:

The developed starch-based solid electrolyte offers a viable solution for low-temperature operation of ASSLIBs.
This material significantly improves the electrochemical performance and widens the application scope of ASSLIBs in cold environments.
The synthesis strategy provides an effective method for creating ordered binding sites, crucial for high-performance solid electrolytes.