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Updated: Sep 24, 2025
Microarray-based Identification of Individual HERV Loci Expression: Application to Biomarker Discovery in Prostate Cancer
Published on: November 2, 2013
Creation and validation of the harmonized Arabic version of the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite for Clinical
Mohannad A Awad1,2, Luke Hallgarth1, Ghassan A Barayan1,3
1Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, VT, USA.
Objectives:
Tocreate and validate a translated Arabic version of the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite for Clinical Practice (EPIC-CP), a validated patient-reported outcome (PRO) widely used for assessing the quality of life in patients with prostate cancer (PCa).
Patients And Methods:
Using the established protocol as defined by the Professional Society for the Health Economics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR) for translating patient care questionnaires, a harmonised translated Arabic version of EPIC-CP was created. The questionnaire was tested in native Arabic speakers from four different Arabic countries (Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Jordan, and Kuwait). Cronbach's alpha and interclass coefficient correlation (ICC) analyses were used to test the internal consistency and test-retest reliability, respectively. In addition, PCa characteristics were collected for participants.
Results:
In total, 168 patients with PCa participated in the study (39 from Saudi Arabia, 23 from United Arab Emirates, 65 from Jordan, and 41 from Kuwait). In all, 52 (31%) participants repeated the questionnaire for test-retest reliability analysis. The median (interquartile range [IQR]) age of patients included in the study was 66 (61-71) years. The median (IQR) PSA level was 9.8 (6-19) ng/mL. Most patients had Grade Group 2 PCa at diagnosis (31%), clinical stage cT1 (42%), managed primarily by urology (79%), and the primary treatment was radical prostatectomy (71%). The total Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.84 demonstrating an acceptable internal consistency. The total ICC was also acceptable at 0.64.
Conclusion:
The Arabic version of the EPIC-CP is a reliable and valid tool for assessing health-related quality of life for Arabic patients with PCa.
