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Related Concept Videos

Archimedes' Principle01:13

Archimedes' Principle

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Archimedes' principle states that an upward buoyant force exerted on a body that is immersed partially or entirely in a fluid is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by it. To understand how much buoyant force is needed to make an object float, let us think about what happens when a submerged object is removed from a fluid. If the object were not in the fluid, the space occupied by the object would be filled by the fluid having a weight wfl. This weight is supported by the...
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Upward Impending Motion01:21

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A square-threaded screw jack is a mechanical device widely used for lifting heavy loads or applying considerable force. Its operation is based on converting the force applied at its handle into a torsional moment, causing the upward impending motion of the screw. This movement is accomplished by overcoming the static friction between the threads of the screw and the jack.
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Archimedes' principle is fundamental in analyzing the buoyant force and stability of floating bodies. In this example, a wooden block with a rectangular section floats in seawater. Based on the block's dimensions, its specific gravity and the specific weight of seawater are used to find the volume of water displaced and the center of buoyancy.
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In mechanical engineering, the interaction between a threaded screw shaft and a plate gear involves analyzing the resisting torque on the plate gear that can be overpowered when a specific torsional moment is applied to the shaft. To better comprehend this concept, consider a generic situation with a threaded screw shaft with a given mean radius and lead and a plate gear with a specified mean radius. The coefficient of static friction between the screw and gear is also provided.
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Visualization of Ambient Mass Spectrometry with the Use of Schlieren Photography
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An Archimedes' screw for light.

Emanuele Galiffi1, Paloma A Huidobro2, J B Pendry3

  • 1Advanced Science Research Center, City University of New York, 85 St. Nicholas Terrace, New York, NY, 10031, USA. eg612@ic.ac.uk.

Nature Communications
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This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed an optical Archimedes

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Area of Science:

  • Photonics
  • Metamaterials
  • Non-Hermitian Physics

Background:

  • The Archimedes' Screw is a mechanical device that lifts fluids.
  • Optical systems can manipulate light, but capturing and amplifying it dynamically remains challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and demonstrate the first optical Archimedes' Screw.
  • To explore its capability in capturing, dragging, and amplifying light.
  • To investigate its potential in chiral systems and parity-time-broken phases.

Main Methods:

  • Derivation of exact analytic solutions to Maxwell's Equations for chiral space-time media.
  • Theoretical modeling of light-matter interaction in engineered media.
  • Proposal for implementation using pump-probe experiments with circularly polarized beams.

Main Results:

  • Demonstration of an optical Archimedes' Screw system for light manipulation.
  • Unveiling of new analytic solutions for chiral space-time media.
  • Prediction of chirally selective amplification in tunable parity-time-broken phases.

Conclusions:

  • The optical Archimedes' Screw offers a novel method for light capture and amplification.
  • This work merges space-time metamaterials and chiral systems, opening new avenues in time-varying media physics.
  • Potential applications in topological and non-Hermitian photonics, chiral spectroscopy, and sensing.