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Self-regulation, also known as self-control, encompasses a range of cognitive and behavioral processes that allow individuals to adjust their internal states and outward actions to align with socially acceptable norms and long-term goals. It plays a fundamental role in adaptive functioning, from resisting impulsive behaviors to persisting through challenging tasks. While its benefits are widely recognized, self-regulation is not limitless. Muraven and Baumeister's theory posits that...
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Momentary Self-regulation: Scale Development and Preliminary Validation.

Emily A Scherer1,2, Sunny Jung Kim3,4, Stephen A Metcalf1,5

  • 1Center for Technology and Behavioral Health, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, United States.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study developed a brief, 12-item scale to measure momentary self-regulation, assessing dynamics like emotion regulation and mindfulness in daily life.

Keywords:
ecological momentary assessmenthealth behavior changehealth risk behaviorsmobile phonemomentary self-regulationpsychometricself-regulation

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Behavioral Science
  • Health Psychology

Background:

  • Self-regulation is crucial for achieving long-term goals.
  • Traditional assessments lack insight into dynamic, daily self-regulation processes.
  • Understanding environmental influences on self-regulation requires momentary assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a brief, psychometrically sound momentary self-regulation scale.
  • To enable practical, mobile-device administration for real-time data collection.
  • To capture dynamic intraindividual variability in self-regulation.

Main Methods:

  • Phase 1: Factor analysis of 594 items from 23 scales in 522 adults.
  • Selected 20 trait-level items for phase 2.
  • Phase 2: Piloted momentary versions of items in 53 adults over 14 days using ecological momentary assessment.

Main Results:

  • Identified 4 factors of self-regulation: perseverance, sensation seeking, emotion regulation, and mindfulness.
  • Momentary scale demonstrated strong construct validity.
  • Showed predictive validity for health risk behaviors.

Conclusions:

  • Preliminary evidence supports a 12-item momentary self-regulation scale.
  • The scale includes 4 subscales to capture self-regulatory dynamics.
  • This tool aids in understanding real-time self-regulation processes.