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Updated: Sep 24, 2025

Dietary Supplementation of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Caenorhabditis elegans
Published on: November 29, 2013
The Role of Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Very Preterm Nutrition
Andrew J McPhee1, Carmel T Collins1,2, Robert A Gibson1,3
1SAHMRI Women and Kids, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
Abstract:
Infants born very preterm miss out on the in utero transfer of the omega-3 and omega-6 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids that occurs during the third trimester. A number of studies have explored the impact of increasing the enteral intakes of omega-3 +/- omega-6 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids to match fetal accretion rates in such infants. These studies have shown early transient improvements in vision and development with both strategies, but with the use of omega-3 supplementation alone appearing to increase the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. A recent study of omega-3 + omega-6 supplementation demonstrated a significant reduction in the incidence of severe retinopathy of prematurity in a high-risk population, without apparent adverse effects; a larger study is needed to confirm the observed benefits, to assess safety, and to determine long-term developmental outcomes of this strategy.
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