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Marijuana testing--how good is it?

T P Moyer, M A Palmen, P Johnson

    Mayo Clinic Proceedings
    |May 1, 1987
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Accurate marijuana detection requires careful testing. While the EMIT-dau screening test is reliable for ruling out marijuana use, confirmatory testing with GC/MS is crucial for positive results to avoid false positives.

    Area of Science:

    • Forensic Toxicology
    • Clinical Chemistry
    • Drug Abuse Testing

    Background:

    • Marijuana use testing involves multiple assessment levels based on clinical needs.
    • The EMIT-dau screening test offers high accuracy for detecting the absence of marijuana in urine specimens.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the accuracy and limitations of the EMIT-dau screening test for marijuana detection.
    • To determine the necessity and efficacy of confirmatory testing for positive marijuana screening results.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized the EMIT-dau screening test with a sensitivity limit of 20 ng/ml.
    • Assessed the false-positive rates of the EMIT-dau test in various populations.
    • Employed Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) as a confirmatory testing method.

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    Main Results:

    • The EMIT-dau test demonstrates a near 100% true-negative rate with unadulterated samples.
    • Positive EMIT-dau results are presumptive, with a potential for false positives (estimated 3% overall).
    • GC/MS confirmation provides high specificity and confidence in detecting marijuana abuse.

    Conclusions:

    • Confirmatory testing is imperative when positive screening results carry significant clinical consequences.
    • Combining EMIT-dau screening with GC/MS confirmation achieves virtually 100% accuracy in identifying marijuana abuse.