Graphitic-phase carbon nitride-based electrochemiluminescence sensing analyses: recent advances and perspectives

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Analytical Chemistry
• Nanotechnology

Background:

• Graphitic-phase carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) is a metal-free semiconductor with notable optical and electronic properties.
• g-C₃N₄ is emerging as a key material for electrochemiluminescence (ECL) applications due to its unique characteristics.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the current research status of g-C₃N₄-based ECL assays.
• To introduce preparation methods and ECL emission mechanisms of g-C₃N₄ emitters.
• To summarize ECL sensing applications of g-C₃N₄ from 2012 to present.

Main Methods:

• Overview of versatile signaling strategies for g-C₃N₄-based ECL sensing.
• Discussion of preparation techniques for g-C₃N₄ emitters.
• Compilation of recent advancements in g-C₃N₄ ECL sensing applications.

Main Results:

• g-C₃N₄-based ECL sensing offers high sensitivity, low background, and controllability.
• Applications span metal ion detection, small molecule analysis, nucleic acid bioanalysis, immunoassays, protein sensing, and cell determination.
• Diverse signaling strategies enhance the performance of g-C₃N₄ ECL sensors.

Conclusions:

• g-C₃N₄ is a versatile material for developing advanced ECL biosensors.
• Future work should focus on overcoming challenges to design more sophisticated ECL biosensing platforms.
• Continued research promises further innovation in g-C₃N₄-based analytical techniques.