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Scalable lignin/graphite electrodes formed by mechanochemistry.

Lianlian Liu¹, Niclas Solin¹, Olle Inganäs¹

¹Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University SE-581 83 Linköping Sweden olle.inganas@liu.se.

|May 11, 2022

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Lignin, an abundant biomaterial, can be used for energy storage. Researchers developed cost-effective lignin/graphite electrodes via solvent-free milling, showing promise for scalable applications.

Area of Science:

Renewable energy materials
Biomass conversion
Electrode fabrication

Background:

Lignin is an abundant, low-cost biopolymer suitable for energy storage due to its quinone groups.
Lignin's insulating nature necessitates conductive materials for electrode applications.
Graphite is a cost-effective conductive material for organic electrodes.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop scalable and cost-effective organic electrodes using lignin and graphite.
To investigate the electrochemical properties of lignin-graphite hybrid materials.
To overcome the limitations of pure lignin in energy storage applications.

Main Methods:

Solvent-free mechanical milling of lignosulfonate (LS) and graphite.
Fabrication of LS/graphite hybrid electrodes without additives.

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Characterization of electrode conductivity and discharge capacity.

Main Results:

LS/graphite hybrid electrodes were successfully fabricated using a solvent-free method.
Ball milling resulted in graphite particle size reduction and few-layer graphene formation.
The LS/graphite electrode (4/1 w/w) exhibited a conductivity of 280 S m^-1 and a discharge capacity of 35 mA h g^-1.

Conclusions:

The developed LS/graphite hybrid material is a promising candidate for scalable organic electrodes.
The solvent-free mechanical milling approach offers a cost-effective and sustainable method for electrode production.
This research paves the way for utilizing lignin in advanced energy storage systems.