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Rubella in Poland in 2019.

Joanna Bogusz1, Ewa Augustynowicz1, Iwona Paradowska-Stankiewicz1

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Poland saw a decrease in rubella cases in 2019, with most diagnoses based on clinical symptoms rather than lab tests. Continued monitoring and high vaccination coverage are crucial for rubella elimination efforts.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Infectious Disease Control

Background:

  • Rubella elimination is a World Health Organization (WHO) priority since 2005.
  • Achieving rubella elimination requires at least 95% vaccination coverage and robust epidemiological surveillance.
  • Effective rubella control relies on monitoring cases and laboratory confirmation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the 2019 epidemiological situation of rubella in Poland.
  • To evaluate rubella vaccination coverage in Poland.
  • To assess the diagnostic methods used for rubella in Poland.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of aggregated reports of suspected rubella cases.
  • Utilizing data from national bulletins on infectious diseases and vaccinations in Poland for 2019.
  • Reviewing case diagnoses based on clinical symptoms versus laboratory confirmation.

Main Results:

  • A decrease in rubella cases was observed in 2019 (285 cases) compared to 2018 (37 cases), with incidence dropping from 1.1 to 0.74 per 100,000 population.
  • The highest incidence rate was among children aged 0-4 years (6.4 per 100,000).
  • No cases of congenital rubella syndrome were reported; only 1.05% of cases were laboratory-confirmed, with the rest diagnosed clinically.

Conclusions:

  • Rubella cases decreased in Poland in 2019.
  • Rubella diagnosis in Poland predominantly relies on clinical presentation.
  • The utilization of laboratory tests for rubella confirmation remains low.