Artificial Intelligence in Neuro-Oncologic Imaging: A Brief Review for Clinical Use Cases and Future Perspectives

The artificial intelligence (AI) techniques, both deep learning end-to-end approaches and radiomics with machine learning, have been developed for various imaging-based tasks in neuro-oncology. In this brief review, use cases of AI in neuro-oncologic imaging are summarized: image quality improvement, metastasis detection, radiogenomics, and treatment response monitoring. We then give a brief overview of generative adversarial network and potential utility of synthetic images for various deep learning algorithms of imaging-based tasks and image translation tasks as becoming new data input. Lastly, we highlight the importance of cohorts and clinical trial as a true validation for clinical utility of AI in neuro-oncologic imaging.