Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma Presenting as a Scalp Mass

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Neurology
• Dermatology

Background:

• Peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) is an uncommon group of non-Hodgkin lymphomas.
• Scalp involvement by PTCL is exceptionally rare, often presenting diagnostic challenges.

Observation:

• A 22-year-old male presented with a slowly growing, large mass on the right frontal scalp.
• Imaging revealed multifocal enhancing masses in the scalp, dura, and skull, initially mimicking benign tumors.
• Histopathological examination confirmed PTCL, with bone marrow involvement detected.

Findings:

• Surgical resection of the primary scalp mass was performed.
• The patient received chemotherapy using the cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin, and prednisolone (CHOP) regimen.
• Complete remission was achieved with no neurological deficits or recurrence at 15 months post-surgery.

Implications:

• This case highlights the importance of considering rare malignancies in the differential diagnosis of scalp masses.
• Prompt and appropriate treatment can lead to favorable outcomes even in rare presentations of PTCL.
• Further research into the specific presentation and management of extranodal PTCL is warranted.