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Optic chiasmatic potential by endoscopically implanted skull base microinvasive biosensor: a brain-machine interface
Yikui Zhang1, Shengjian Lu1, Shenghai Huang1
1The Eye Hospital, School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University; Wenzhou 325027, China.
Theranostics
|May 13, 2022
Summary
A new minimally invasive technique, optic chiasmatic potential (OCP) recording, offers a stronger and more stable signal than traditional visually evoked potential (VEP) for assessing optic nerve function.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Ophthalmology
- Biomedical Engineering
Background:
- Visually evoked potential (VEP) is a standard non-invasive method for detecting optic neuropathy.
- VEP signals are often variable due to intracranial modulation and artifacts, limiting their clinical utility.
- A more robust and stable method is needed for assessing optic nerve function, especially in surgical and experimental settings.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and evaluate a minimally invasive technique for recording optic chiasmatic potential (OCP).
- To compare the signal quality and stability of OCP with traditional VEP.
- To explore potential applications of OCP in vision research and clinical practice.
Main Methods:
- Minimally invasive trans-sphenoidal endoscopic implantation of a titanium screw beneath the optic chiasm in goats.
- Recording of OCP and comparison with simultaneously recorded VEP.
- Assessment of surgical safety and functional impact through behavioral observation, CT scans, and ophthalmic tests.
- Evaluation of OCP signal characteristics, including response to light stimulation and optic nerve transection.
Main Results:
- The OCP implantation procedure was safe, quick (<30 min), and did not cause adverse effects.
- OCP amplitude was 5-10 times stronger and more repeatable than VEP.
- OCP demonstrated higher sensitivity to light stimuli and subtle changes, even under anesthesia.
- OCP signal was ipsilateral-dependent and abolished upon optic nerve transection, confirming its specificity.
- Proof-of-concept demonstrated OCP's utility for real-time optic nerve monitoring, retinal sensitivity mapping, and therapeutic stimulation.
Conclusions:
- Optic chiasmatic potential (OCP) recording provides a superior alternative to VEP for assessing optic nerve function.
- The developed endoscopic technique offers a safe approach for skull base brain-machine interface implantation.
- The goat serves as a suitable *in vivo* model for evaluating brain-machine interfaces targeting the optic nerve.
