Related Experiment Video
Updated: Sep 23, 2025
09:56
Hierarchical and Programmable One-Pot Oligosaccharide Synthesis
Published on: September 6, 2019
6.9K
Transition metal-promoted hierarchical ETS-10 solid base for glycerol transesterification
1Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University Jiangning District Nanjing 211189 China dfwu@seu.edu.cn.
RSC Advances
|May 13, 2022
Summary
A novel transition metal modified hierarchical ETS-10 catalyst efficiently synthesizes glycerol carbonate (GC) from glycerol. Ni/METS-10 demonstrates high activity and stability, achieving 97.7% glycerol conversion and 97.1% GC yield.
Area of Science:
- Catalysis
- Materials Science
- Green Chemistry
Background:
- Glycerol carbonate (GC) is a valuable chemical intermediate.
- Efficient synthesis of GC from glycerol is crucial for sustainable chemical processes.
- Hierarchical zeolites offer enhanced catalytic properties.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a highly active and stable catalyst for glycerol transesterification.
- To investigate the effect of transition metals on the catalytic performance of hierarchical ETS-10.
- To understand the role of catalyst structure and composition in glycerol conversion.
Main Methods:
- Synthesis of transition metal modified hierarchical ETS-10 (METS-10) catalysts.
- Transesterification reaction of glycerol to produce glycerol carbonate.
- Characterization of catalyst properties, including basicity and metal species.
- Evaluation of catalytic activity, selectivity, and stability.
Main Results:
- The hierarchical structure of ETS-10 enhances active site exposure and mass transport.
- Transition metal modification significantly influences the basicity and catalytic performance.
- Ni/METS-10 exhibited superior performance with 97.7% glycerol conversion and 97.1% GC yield.
- The Ni/METS-10 catalyst maintained high performance over 8 reaction cycles.
Conclusions:
- Transition metal modified hierarchical ETS-10 is an effective catalyst for glycerol carbonate synthesis.
- The presence of Ni0 species is critical for enhancing Lewis basic site interaction.
- The developed catalyst offers a promising route for sustainable glycerol valorization.
Related Concept Videos
02:17Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation
3.5K
Catalytic hydrogenation of alkenes is a transition-metal catalyzed reduction of the double bond using molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. The mode of hydrogen addition follows syn stereochemistry.
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...
3.5K
02:45E2 Reaction: Kinetics and Mechanism
10.7K
SN2 substitutions and E2 eliminations of alkyl halides proceed via a concerted pathway. While the nucleophile attacks the alpha carbon in SN2 reactions, it functions as a strong base and abstracts a beta hydrogen in the E2 mechanism. The rate-limiting transition state in E2 elimination reactions is characterized by partially broken carbon–hydrogen and carbon–halogen bonds and a partially formed pi bond between the alpha and beta carbons. The beta hydrogen and halide are eliminated...
10.7K
01:24Esters to β-Ketoesters: Claisen Condensation Overview
3.5K
Regular Claisen condensation is a base-promoted reaction involving identical esters with two α hydrogens, condensing to produce β-ketoesters. It is a nucleophilic acyl substitution reaction wherein one of the ester molecules, upon deprotonation by the base, forms a nucleophilic enolate ion, while the other molecule serves as an electrophile.
3.5K
02:44Oxidation of Alkenes: Syn Dihydroxylation with Osmium Tetraoxide
10.9K
Alkenes are converted to 1,2-diols or glycols through a process called dihydroxylation. It involves the addition of two hydroxyl groups across the double bond with two different stereochemical approaches, namely anti and syn. Dihydroxylation using osmium tetroxide progresses with syn stereochemistry.
10.9K
00:51Base-Promoted α-Halogenation of Aldehydes and Ketones
3.7K
α-Halogenation of aldehydes and ketones is a reaction involving the substitution of α hydrogens with halogens in the presence of a base. The reaction begins with the abstraction of α hydrogen by the base to produce a nucleophilic enolate ion. This intermediate undergoes a subsequent nucleophilic substitution with the halogen to produce a monohalogenated carbonyl compound. If the starting substrate has more than one α hydrogen, it is difficult to stop the reaction...
3.7K
02:43E2 Reaction: Stereochemistry and Regiochemistry
12.0K
Elimination reactions of alkyl halides can yield one or more alkenes depending on the specific regiochemical and stereochemical considerations. While the regiochemistry of the reaction governs the location of the double bond in the product, the stereochemical requirements often influence the geometry.
When a substrate with two different β hydrogens undergoes an E2 elimination, the presence of a strong base can yield two regioisomeric alkenes. The more-substituted alkene is the major...
When a substrate with two different β hydrogens undergoes an E2 elimination, the presence of a strong base can yield two regioisomeric alkenes. The more-substituted alkene is the major...
12.0K