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Association Between Lipoprotein(a) and Calcific Aortic Valve Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Qiyu Liu1,2, Yanqiao Yu1,2, Ruixi Xi1

  • 1National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.

Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine
|May 13, 2022
PubMed

Insights

High lipoprotein(a) [lp(a)] levels, specifically 50 mg/dL or greater, significantly increase the risk of calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD). This finding clarifies the association between elevated lp(a) and CAVD risk.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Clinical Biochemistry
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Preliminary research suggested a link between elevated lipoprotein(a) [lp(a)] and calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD).
  • The precise clinical association between plasma lp(a) levels and CAVD risk remained inconclusive prior to this study.

Approach:

  • A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted, searching major databases for relevant studies.
  • Eight studies with 52,931 participants were included, analyzing incidence of CAVD and plasma lp(a) concentrations.
  • Pooled risk ratios and confidence intervals were calculated using a random-effects model, with subgroup analyses and publication bias assessments.

Key Points:

  • Plasma lp(a) levels of 50 mg/dL or higher were associated with a 1.76-fold increased risk of CAVD.
  • Elevated lp(a) levels of 30 mg/dL were not significantly associated with CAVD risk (RR, 1.28; 95% CI, 0.98-1.68).
  • Cohort studies indicated that lp(a) levels ≥50 mg/dL (RR, 1.70) and ≥30 mg/dL (RR, 1.38) showed a positive association with CAVD.

Conclusions:

  • High plasma lp(a) levels (≥50 mg/dL) are significantly associated with an increased risk of developing calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD).
  • This meta-analysis provides robust evidence supporting lp(a) as a risk factor for CAVD.
Abstract

Keywords:
aortic valve calcificationaortic valve stenosiscalcific aortic valve diseaselipoprotein(a)systematic review and meta-analysis

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