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Plasma apoM Levels and Progression to Kidney Dysfunction in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes.
Nathaniel L Baker1, Samar M Hammad2, Kelly J Hunt1
1Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC.
Diabetes
|May 13, 2022
Summary
Plasma apolipoprotein M (apoM) levels are linked to the development of diabetic kidney disease in type 1 diabetes. Higher apoM is associated with increased risk of macroalbuminuria and chronic kidney disease progression.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Nephrology
- Cardiovascular Research
Background:
- Apolipoprotein M (apoM), a protein mainly transported by high-density lipoprotein (HDL), is implicated in cardiovascular disease and diabetic nephropathy.
- Understanding the role of apoM in diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is crucial for early detection and intervention.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between plasma apoM levels and the progression of diabetic kidney disease.
- To assess the relationship between apoM and the development of macroalbuminuria (MA) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) in individuals with type 1 diabetes.
Main Methods:
- Plasma apoM levels were measured using enzyme immunoassay in 386 participants from the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT)/Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications (EDIC) cohort.
- Measurements were taken at DCCT entry and closeout, with follow-up for kidney dysfunction over 18 years of EDIC.
Main Results:
- Elevated apoM levels at DCCT baseline were observed in patients who later developed CKD.
- At DCCT closeout, significantly higher apoM levels were found in participants who progressed to MA, CKD, or both.
- Increased apoM levels correlated with a higher risk of progression to MA (RR 1.30) and CKD (RR 1.69).
Conclusions:
- Alterations in apoM and HDL composition/function in type 1 diabetes are present early in the disease.
- Plasma apoM levels are associated with the development and progression of diabetic nephropathy.
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