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Resting-state Networks in Tinnitus : A Scoping Review.

Tori Elyssa Kok1, Deepti Domingo2, Joshua Hassan2

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Chronic subjective tinnitus involves brain network alterations. This review of resting-state fMRI studies found widespread network changes, but reproducibility issues hinder biomarker discovery.

Keywords:
Auditory networkBrain imagingFunctional magnetic resonance imagingNeural networksReviewSubjective tinnitus

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Medical Imaging
  • Otolaryngology

Background:

  • Chronic subjective tinnitus is the perception of sound without an external source.
  • Brain imaging, particularly resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), reveals altered brain activity in tinnitus patients.
  • Resting-state networks (RSNs) are crucial for understanding brain function in neurological conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and synthesize findings from resting-state fMRI studies in chronic subjective tinnitus.
  • To evaluate the evidence for alterations in specific RSNs associated with tinnitus.
  • To identify challenges and suggest future directions for tinnitus research using resting-state fMRI.

Main Methods:

  • A scoping review methodology was employed.
  • Searched major scientific databases for relevant resting-state fMRI studies.
  • Included 29 studies investigating brain network alterations in tinnitus patients.

Main Results:

  • A significant majority of the included studies (26 out of 29) reported alterations in various RSNs.
  • Affected networks include the auditory network, default mode network, attention networks, and visual network.
  • However, considerable heterogeneity exists in findings and methodologies across studies.

Conclusions:

  • Resting-state fMRI studies consistently suggest widespread RSN alterations in chronic subjective tinnitus.
  • Lack of reproducibility is a major limitation, stemming from varied regions of interest, analytical methods, and tinnitus heterogeneity.
  • Future research should prioritize standardized methods and replication to identify reliable tinnitus biomarkers.