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Thyroid size and goitre frequency in hyperthyroidism.

L Hegedüs, J E Hansen, D Veiergang

    Danish Medical Bulletin
    |April 1, 1987
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Many hyperthyroid patients lack goiters, potentially delaying diagnosis and treatment. This study investigated thyroid function, goiter occurrence, and gland volume in 310 untreated hyperthyroid individuals.

    Area of Science:

    • Endocrinology
    • Thyroidology
    • Diagnostic Imaging

    Background:

    • Hyperthyroidism is often associated with goiter, a thyroid enlargement.
    • However, the prevalence of goiter and normal thyroid volume in untreated hyperthyroidism requires further investigation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the clinical occurrence of goiter and ultrasonically determined thyroid gland volume in a cohort of untreated hyperthyroid patients.
    • To assess the relationship between goiter absence/normal thyroid volume and the diagnosis of hyperthyroidism.

    Main Methods:

    • Ultrasound was used to determine thyroid gland volume.
    • Clinical examination assessed for the presence of goiter.
    • Data were collected from 310 consecutive, untreated hyperthyroid patients.

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    Main Results:

    • A significant proportion of hyperthyroid patients (30%) presented without a clinically detectable goiter.
    • Among patients with Graves' disease, 39% had no goiter.
    • 22% of all hyperthyroid patients had a normal thyroid volume, indicating no enlargement.

    Conclusions:

    • The absence of a goiter in a substantial number of hyperthyroid patients may lead to delayed diagnosis and treatment.
    • Clinicians should consider hyperthyroidism even in the absence of a palpable goiter.