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Related Concept Videos

Bones of the Upper Limb: Ulna01:15

Bones of the Upper Limb: Ulna

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The ulna and radius are parallel bones of the antebrachium or the forearm. The ulna lies medially and consists of a bony tip called the olecranon process at its proximal end. This hook-like projection articulates with the olecranon fossa of the humerus and forms the "hinged" ulnohumeral part of the elbow joint. This joint facilitates forearm extension and flexion while preventing its hyperextension. Similarly, the coronoid process, another bony projection on the proximal/anterior side...
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Ankle Joint01:10

Ankle Joint

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The ankle is formed by the talocrural joint (crural = leg). It consists of the articulations between the talus bone of the foot and the distal ends of the tibia and fibula of the leg. The superior aspect of the talus bone is square-shaped and has three areas of articulation. The top of the talus articulates with the inferior tibia. This is the portion of the ankle joint that carries the body weight between the leg and foot. The sides of the talus are firmly held in position by the articulations...
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Bones of the Upper Limb: Radius01:09

Bones of the Upper Limb: Radius

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The radius is longer of the two bones that make up the human antebrachium or forearm. At the proximal end, the radius articulates with the capitulum of the humerus and the radial notch of the ulna to form the elbow joint. At the distal end, the radius articulates with the ulna via the ulnar notch, forming the distal radioulnar joint. Distally, the radius also attaches to the carpal wrist bones (scaphoid and lunate) to form the radiocarpal joint.
The radius has a nail-shaped head, and a...
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Muscles that Move the Forearm01:16

Muscles that Move the Forearm

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The muscles that move the forearms can be divided into four groups: forearm flexors, forearm extensors, forearm pronators, and forearm supinators. The flexors and extensors act on the elbow joint, while the pronators and supinators act on the radioulnar joints.
Forearm Flexors
The biceps brachii, brachialis, and brachioradialis are forearm flexors. The biceps brachii is made up of two heads. Its long head originates at the supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula, whereas that of the short head is...
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Knee Joint01:23

Knee Joint

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The knee joint is the most complicated joint in the body. It consists of three articulations– two tibiofemoral and one patellofemoral. As is characteristic of synovial joints, the knee joint has a thin articular capsule that partially surrounds this joint cavity. Additionally, several ligaments, muscles, and cartilaginous structures support the movement of the knee.
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Spinal Nerves: Plexus I01:22

Spinal Nerves: Plexus I

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Nerve plexuses are networks of interlacing nerves that serve as communication hubs to distribute and organize nerve action across various body regions. The nerve plexuses are organized into the cervical plexus located in the neck region, brachial plexus in the shoulder area, lumbar plexus found in the lower back, sacral plexus situated in the pelvis, and coccygeal plexus located in the coccygeal region.
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Related Experiment Video

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Novel Triple-Loop Technique for Suturing TFCC Injuries without Transosseous Tunnel
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Unique indications for internal joint stabilizer for elbow instability.

Luis M Salazar1, Riikka E Koso1, Anil K Dutta1

  • 1Department of Orthopaedics, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.

Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery
|May 13, 2022
PubMed
Summary

The internal joint stabilizer (IJS) effectively restores elbow stability in complex patients with comorbidities. This innovative device offers a low-profile alternative to external fixation, simplifying care for challenging cases.

Keywords:
Elbow stabilizationIJSelbow instabilityelderlyinternal joint stabilizerlateral ulnar collateral ligamentobeseterrible triad

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Biomechanical Engineering
  • Trauma Care

Background:

  • Elbow instability treatment presents ongoing challenges.
  • Obesity, advanced age, frailty, and cognitive impairment are key considerations.
  • The internal joint stabilizer (IJS) is explored as an augmentation for surgical treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the internal joint stabilizer (IJS) for elbow instability.
  • To assess IJS utility in patients with obesity, advanced age, frailty, or cognitive impairment.
  • To determine IJS effectiveness as an adjunct to standard surgical care.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 22 patients (≥18 years) with elbow instability treated with IJS.
  • Inclusion of patients receiving standard care (fracture fixation, ligament reconstruction).
  • Exclusion of patients with <3 months follow-up; single surgeon at a level 1 trauma center.

Main Results:

  • 95% of patients regained elbow stability post-surgery.
  • 63% achieved a functional arc of motion (≥100°), 77% had ≥90° motion.
  • Complications (instability, infection, IJS failure) occurred in 3 patients, requiring revision and IJS removal; delayed removal (>2 months) showed no complications.

Conclusions:

  • The IJS is a viable option for complex elbow instability patients, irrespective of comorbidities.
  • It offers advantages over external fixation, including no pin site care and a low-profile design.
  • IJS is a preferable adjunct for patients with complex comorbidities or social factors requiring elbow stability augmentation.