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Related Concept Videos

The Proteasome01:13

The Proteasome

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Eukaryotic cells can degrade proteins through several pathways. One of the most important among these is the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. It helps the cell eliminate the misfolded, damaged, or unwarranted cytoplasmic proteins in a highly specific manner.
In this pathway, the target proteins are first tagged with small proteins called ubiquitin. This involves participation of a series of enzymes including— E1 (ubiquitin-activating enzyme), E2 (ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme), and E3...
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Caspases01:24

Caspases

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Caspase, a family of cysteine proteases, serve as effectors in apoptosis. The ced3 gene in C.elegans was first identified to be involved in apoptosis. This gene encodes the ced-3 caspase that is similar to the interleukin-1-beta converting enzyme or ICE in mammals. In addition to apoptosis, caspases also function in the inflammatory response. Inflammatory caspases are essential in activating pro-inflammatory cytokines that recruit immune cells and block the replication of pathogens inside...
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Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
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Cancer Cell Migration through Invadopodia01:35

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Invadosome is a broad category of cell surface structures with proteolytic activity that  degrades the extracellular matrix (ECM). Invadosomes are present in normal cell types, including macrophages, endothelial cells, and neurons, as well as tumor cells. Although the macrophage podosomes and tumor cell invadopodia are classified as invadosomes, they have different structures, molecular pathways, and functions. Podosomes are short structures that last for a few minutes. However,...
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Role of Matrix Metalloproteases in Degradation of ECM01:23

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Matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) are enzymes involved in the hydrolysis of proteins and glycoproteins of the extracellular matrix. MMPs are essential for the migration and proliferation of cells through the dense matrix network, throughout embryonic development, and throughout morphogenesis. The first MMP activity discovered was a collagenase in a tadpole's tail undergoing metamorphosis. The active collagen deposition and modifications lead to the morphogenesis of tadpoles into the adult...
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mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression03:03

mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression

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The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
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Navigating the Mass Spectrometry-Based Proteomic Data Using Free Computational Tools
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Proteases: Role and Function in Cancer.

Janko Kos1

  • 1Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jožef Stefan Institute, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|May 14, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Proteases, enzymes that break down proteins, are crucial in cancer development. Research highlights their potential for improving cancer diagnosis and therapy.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • This special issue focuses on proteases (peptidases) and their significant role in tumor progression.
  • It explores both basic and translational research avenues concerning these enzymes in cancer.

Discussion:

  • Proteases are implicated in various stages of cancer, including invasion and metastasis.
  • Understanding protease mechanisms offers insights into cancer pathology.

Key Insights:

  • The reviewed research highlights proteases as key players in cancer development.
  • Evidence suggests proteases hold significant potential for novel cancer diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.

Outlook:

  • Future research should continue to elucidate protease functions in oncology.

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  • Translational studies are essential to develop protease-based cancer treatments and diagnostics.