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Updated: Sep 23, 2025

O-cresol Concentration Online Measurement Based On Near Infrared Spectroscopy Via Partial Least Square Regression
Published on: November 8, 2019
Advances in NIR Spectroscopy Analytical Technology in Food Industries
Silvia Grassi1, Ernestina Casiraghi1
1Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Giovanni Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy.
Industry 4.0 is transforming manufacturing through smart technologies. This study explores its impact on operational efficiency and workforce adaptation in the industrial sector.
Area of Science:
- Industrial Engineering
- Manufacturing Technology
- Digital Transformation
Background:
- The Fourth Industrial Revolution (Industry 4.0) integrates cyber-physical systems, IoT, and AI into manufacturing.
- Traditional manufacturing faces challenges in efficiency, flexibility, and competitiveness.
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