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Lagged Effects of Exposure to Air Pollutants on the Risk of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in a Highly Polluted Region
Yuqing Feng1,2, Jing Wei3, Maogui Hu1,4
1State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
Background:
Although significant correlations have been observed between air pollutants and the development of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in many developed countries, data are scarce for developing and highly polluted regions.
Method:
A combined Poisson generalized linear regression-distributed lag nonlinear model was used to determine the associations between long-term exposure (2005-2017) to air pollutants and the risk of PTB in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.
Results:
The monthly PTB cases exhibited a fluctuating downward trend. For each 10 μg/m3 increase in concentration, the maximum lag-specific risk and cumulative relative risk (RR) were 1.011 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.0091.012, lag: 3 months) and 1.042 (1.036-1.048, 5 months) for PM2.5, and 1.023 (1.015-1.031, 0 months) and 1.041 (1.026-1.055, 2 months) for NO2. The risk of PTB was negatively correlated with O3 exposure, and the minimum lag-specific risk and cumulative RR were 0.991 (95% CI: 0.987-0.994, lag: 0 months) and 0.974 (0.968-0.981, 4 months), respectively. No age-dependent effects were observed.
Conclusions:
Our results revealed potential associations between outdoor exposure to PM2.5, NO2, and O3 and the risk of PTB. Further research should explore the corresponding interactions and potential mechanisms.
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