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Cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus: progress toward personalized management

Cheng-Xu Ma1,2, Xiao-Ni Ma1,2, Cong-Hui Guan1,2

  • 1Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No. 1 West Donggang Road, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, People's Republic of China.

Cardiovascular Diabetology
|May 15, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Preventing cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) requires tailored strategies. This review guides the selection of antidiabetic, lipid-lowering, and blood pressure medications based on patient cardiovascular status.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Endocrinology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of mortality in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients, especially in resource-limited nations.
  • Effective CVD prevention in T2DM necessitates exploring new strategies, personalized glycemic control, and comprehensive cardiovascular risk management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To guide the selection of antidiabetic agents, lipid-lowering drugs, and antihypertensive treatments for T2DM patients.
  • To emphasize the importance of considering individual cardiovascular status when choosing therapies.
  • To discuss evolving therapeutic principles for managing CVDs in the context of T2DM.

Main Methods:

  • This review synthesizes current evidence on managing cardiovascular risk factors in T2DM.
  • It analyzes the impact of various antidiabetic and cardiovascular medications on patient outcomes.
  • The discussion focuses on individualized treatment approaches based on cardiovascular risk profiles.

Main Results:

  • The choice of glucose-lowering agents significantly impacts cardiovascular outcomes in T2DM.
  • Aggressive management of blood pressure and lipids is crucial for CVD prevention.
  • Emerging drug classes offer new avenues for managing T2DM and reducing cardiovascular risk.

Conclusions:

  • Optimizing CVD prevention in T2DM involves a multi-faceted approach, including appropriate pharmacotherapy and risk factor control.
  • Individualized treatment strategies tailored to cardiovascular status are paramount.
  • Continuous adaptation of therapeutic principles is essential for improving long-term outcomes in T2DM patients with CVDs.
Keywords:
Antidiabetic therapyCardiovascular diseasesHyperlipidemiaHypertensionTherapy principleType 2 diabetes mellitus

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