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Quantum Relativity of Subsystems.

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Quantum reference frame (QRF) covariance reveals that subsystems and entanglement are frame-dependent. Different QRF perspectives alter observable algebras, impacting notions of locality and subsystem distinguishability.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Information Theory
  • Foundations of Physics
  • Quantum Reference Frames

Background:

  • The partitioning of physical systems into subsystems is fundamental to physics.
  • Correlations within these subsystems are key to understanding quantum phenomena.
  • The concept of quantum reference frames (QRFs) introduces symmetries that constrain these partitions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the partitioning of systems and subsystem correlations under QRF covariance.
  • To investigate how different QRF perspectives affect observable algebras and entanglement.
  • To analyze the frame-dependence of subsystem locality and distinguishability.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of subsystem observable algebras within different QRF perspectives.
  • Application of symmetry constraints imposed by QRF covariance.
  • Investigation of the implications for tensor factorizability of Hilbert spaces and algebras.

Main Results:

  • Different QRF perspectives induce distinct sets of subsystem observable algebras.
  • This leads to a gauge-invariant but frame-dependent notion of subsystems and entanglement.
  • Subalgebras that commute in one frame may not commute in another after symmetry imposition.

Conclusions:

  • The notion of subsystems and their properties, including locality, are contingent on the chosen QRF.
  • QRF perspectives do not always preserve the tensor factorizability of the Hilbert space and observable algebra.
  • This work highlights the frame-dependent nature of quantum information concepts.