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lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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As the name suggests, non-LTR retrotransposons lack the long terminal repeats characteristic of the LTR retrotransposons. Additionally, both LTR and non-LTR retrotransposons use distinct mechanisms of mobilization. Non-LTR retrotransposons are further divided into two classes - Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) and short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs), both of which occur abundantly in most mammals, including humans. Some of the active non-LTR retrotransposons in humans are L1...
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Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
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MEG8: An Indispensable Long Non-coding RNA in Multiple Cancers.

Zhuoying Du1,2, Fangshun Tan1,2, Jinlan Chen1,2

  • 1Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China.

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Maternally expressed gene 8 (MEG8) long non-coding RNA influences cancer progression. Its varied expression in different cancers suggests potential as a future therapeutic target or biomarker.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Oncology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are increasingly recognized for their roles in disease.
  • Maternally expressed gene 8 (MEG8) is a lncRNA implicated in cancer development.
  • Understanding MEG8's function is crucial for cancer research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the molecular mechanisms of MEG8 in various cancers.
  • To elucidate the physiological functions of MEG8 in cancer progression.
  • To assess MEG8's potential as a therapeutic target.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of articles on MEG8, lncRNAs, and cancer.
  • Analysis of pathophysiological mechanisms of MEG8 in cancer development.
  • Summarization of MEG8's role in cancer proliferation, migration, and invasion.

Main Results:

  • MEG8 influences cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion.
  • MEG8 is upregulated in non-small cell lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, liver cancer, pituitary adenoma, and hemangioma.
  • MEG8 is downregulated in colorectal cancer, ovarian cancer, and giant cell tumor.

Conclusions:

  • MEG8 exhibits differential expression across various cancer types.
  • MEG8's distinct expression patterns suggest its clinical relevance.
  • MEG8 is a promising candidate for future cancer therapy and biomarker development.