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Ion Exchange01:17

Ion Exchange

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Ion exchange chromatography separates charged molecules from a solution by reversibly exchanging them with mobile, or 'active', ions associated with the oppositely charged stationary phase. This method can be used to separate ions, soften and deionize water, and purify solutions. The polymers comprising the ion-exchange column are high-molecular-weight and chemically stable polymers, crosslinked to be porous and essentially insoluble. They are also functionalized with either acidic or...
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Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism00:57

Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

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The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the...
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Characteristics and Nomenclature of Copolymers01:24

Characteristics and Nomenclature of Copolymers

2.7K
Copolymers are the products obtained from the polymerization of multiple monomer species. So, in a polymer chain itself, there can be multiple repeating units that come from different monomers. The process of synthesizing a polymer from different monomer species is called copolymerization. When two monomers are involved, the polymer is known as a bipolymer. Polymers with three and four monomers are termed terpolymers and quaterpolymers, respectively. Figure 1 depicts the copolymerization of...
2.7K
Aqueous Solutions and Heats of Hydration02:42

Aqueous Solutions and Heats of Hydration

15.1K
Water and other polar molecules are attracted to ions. The electrostatic attraction between an ion and a molecule with a dipole is called an ion-dipole attraction. These attractions play an important role in the dissolution of ionic compounds in water.
When ionic compounds dissolve in water, the ions in the solid separate and disperse uniformly throughout the solution because water molecules surround and solvate the ions, reducing the strong electrostatic forces between them. This process...
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Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:20

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

2.2K
The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...
2.2K
Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism01:04

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

2.1K
The mechanism for anionic chain-growth polymerization involves initiation, propagation, and termination steps. In the initiation step, a nucleophilic anion, such as butyl lithium, initiates the polymerization process by attacking the π bond of the vinylic monomer. As a result, a carbanion, stabilized by the electron‐withdrawing group, is generated. The resulting carbanion acts as a Michael donor in the propagation step and attacks the second vinylic monomer, which acts as a Michael...
2.1K

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Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications
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High Hydroxide Conductivity in Polymerized Ionic Liquid Block Copolymers.

Yuesheng Ye1, Sharon Sharick2, Eric M Davis1

  • 1Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States.

ACS Macro Letters
|May 18, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We developed a novel polymerized ionic liquid diblock copolymer exhibiting superior hydroxide conductivity. This material offers a promising pathway for cost-effective, durable, platinum-free alkaline fuel cells.

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Area of Science:

  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry

Background:

  • Ionic liquid polymers are crucial for electrochemical applications.
  • Block copolymers offer unique morphological advantages over random copolymers.
  • Developing efficient ion-conducting materials is key for fuel cell technology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize a novel polymerized ionic liquid diblock copolymer.
  • To investigate the hydroxide conductivity and nanoscale morphology of the block copolymer.
  • To compare the performance of the block copolymer with its random copolymer and homopolymer analogs.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of a diblock copolymer containing ionic liquid functionalities.
  • Morphological characterization using techniques like Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM).
  • Electrochemical measurements to determine hydroxide conductivity.

Main Results:

  • The diblock copolymer demonstrated significantly enhanced hydroxide conductivity (over an order of magnitude higher) compared to its random copolymer analog.
  • The block copolymer also exhibited higher conductivity than the homopolymer analog, despite lower ion and water content.
  • Well-defined nanoscale morphology was observed in the block copolymer.

Conclusions:

  • Polymerized ionic liquid diblock copolymers offer superior hydroxide conductivity compared to random copolymers and homopolymers.
  • The nanoscale morphology of the block copolymer plays a critical role in its enhanced ionic transport.
  • These findings pave the way for advanced, low-cost, platinum-free alkaline fuel cells.