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Diabetic Retinopathy

Diabetic Retinopathy

DefinitionDiabetic retinopathy is a microvascular complication of diabetes affecting the retinal blood vessels.Risk FactorsDiabetic retinopathy is present in almost all individuals with type 1 diabetes and more than 60% of those with type 2 diabetes after two decades of disease.The risk increases with poor glycemic control, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, pregnancy, and puberty.Although cataracts and glaucoma are also more frequent in people with diabetes, retinopathy remains the leading...

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In Vitro and In Vivo Models to Study Corneal Endothelial-mesenchymal Transition

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Cancer Risk in Patients With Fuchs Endothelial Corneal Dystrophy.

Timothy T Xu¹, Keith H Baratz¹, Michael P Fautsch¹

¹Department of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and.

|May 19, 2022

Summary

Patients with Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) have an increased risk of developing several cancers, including breast, ovarian, and thyroid malignancies. Further research is needed to understand the underlying mechanisms and risk factors associated with FECD and cancer.

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Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Oncology
Epidemiology

Background:

Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) is a progressive eye condition affecting the cornea.
The potential association between FECD and systemic cancer risk remains largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

To quantify the risk of developing various cancers in elderly Medicare beneficiaries diagnosed with FECD.
To compare cancer incidence in patients with FECD against a control group without the condition.

Main Methods:

Utilized Medicare fee-for-service data from 2014-2016 for beneficiaries aged 65 years and older.
Identified patients with FECD and cancer diagnoses using International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes.
Calculated odds ratios (ORs) to assess cancer risk associated with FECD.

Main Results:

Patients with FECD showed increased odds for breast (OR: 1.32), cutaneous basal cell (OR: 1.42), cutaneous melanoma (OR: 1.20), cutaneous squamous cell (OR: 1.45), ovarian (OR: 1.84), and thyroid (OR: 1.32) cancers.
Conversely, FECD patients had lower odds for lung (OR: 0.81) and prostate (OR: 0.88) cancer diagnoses.
The study included over 1.4 million Medicare beneficiaries, with 1.1% diagnosed with FECD.

Conclusions:

Elderly individuals with FECD may face a higher risk of specific malignancies.
Further investigation is warranted to explore the FECD-cancer association, potential mechanisms, and risk factors.