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Related Concept Videos

Overview of Secretory Vesicles01:33

Overview of Secretory Vesicles

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Secretory vesicles, also known as dense core vesicles (DCVs), are membrane-bound vesicles that transport secretory proteins, such as hormones or neurotransmitters. Regulated secretory vesicles transport proteins from the trans-Golgi network to the exterior of the cell. Proteins present in regulated secretory vesicles are required to be rapidly exocytosed in large amounts upon a specific stimulus.
Various proteins regulate the aggregation of molecules inside the secretory vesicles. Chromogranins...
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Exocytosis00:51

Exocytosis

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Exocytosis is used to release material from cells. Like other bulk transport mechanisms, exocytosis requires energy.
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Fusion of Secretory Vesicles with the Plasma Membrane01:26

Fusion of Secretory Vesicles with the Plasma Membrane

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Proteins and neurotransmitters in secretory vesicles can be released from a cell upon vesicle docking, priming, and fusion with the plasma membrane. Vesicles are docked and primed in preparation for the quick exocytosis of their contents in response to a stimulus. The fusion process is mainly carried out by a SNAP Receptor or SNARE complex, consisting of synaptobrevin, syntaxin-1, and SNAP-25.
In 1993, Jim Rothman proposed that the antiparallel pairing of vesicular and transmembrane SNAREs, or...
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Vesicular Tubular Clusters01:45

Vesicular Tubular Clusters

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After budding out from the ER membrane, some COPII vesicles lose their coat and fuse with one another to form larger vesicles and interconnected tubules called vesicular tubular clusters or VTCs. These clusters constitute a compartment at the ER-Golgi interface known as ERGIC (Endoplasmic Reticulum Golgi Intermediate Compartment). The ERGIC is a mobile membrane-bound cargo transport system that sorts proteins secreted from ER and delivers them to the Golgi.
With the help of motor proteins such...
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Vesicular Trasport: Endocytosis, Transcytosis and Exocytosis01:18

Vesicular Trasport: Endocytosis, Transcytosis and Exocytosis

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Vesicular transport is a cellular process that encompasses the engulfment of particles or dissolved substances by cells. It involves endocytosis, transcytosis, and exocytosis.
Endocytosis is a cellular mechanism that involves the inward folding of the cell membrane to create vesicles that capture and transport large drug molecules. This process comprises two distinct methods: pinocytosis (often referred to as "cell drinking") and phagocytosis (often referred to as "cell...
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Intralumenal Vesicles and Multivesicular Bodies01:38

Intralumenal Vesicles and Multivesicular Bodies

3.8K
Intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) are small vesicles 50-80 nm in diameter formed during the maturation of early endosomes. A specialized endosome containing numerous ILVs is called a multivesicular body (MVB). ILVs contain internalized molecules such as antigens, nucleic acids, proteins, and metabolites. Some of these molecules are released from the MVBs inside exosomes and are transported to other cells. Other MVBs contain molecules that are retained in the ILVs and are later degraded within the...
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Updated: Sep 22, 2025

In Vesiculo Synthesis of Peptide Membrane Precursors for Autonomous Vesicle Growth
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In Vesiculo Synthesis of Peptide Membrane Precursors for Autonomous Vesicle Growth

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Boosting extracellular vesicle secretion.

Lior Debbi1, Shaowei Guo2, Dina Safina1

  • 1Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.

Biotechnology Advances
|May 19, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) show promise for treating diseases and injuries. Novel methods significantly increase EV production, overcoming challenges for clinical use.

Keywords:
Drug deliveryExosomesExtracellular vesiclesLarge-scale

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 22, 2025

In Vesiculo Synthesis of Peptide Membrane Precursors for Autonomous Vesicle Growth
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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Nanomedicine

Background:

  • Extracellular vesicles (EVs), particularly exosomes, are investigated for therapeutic applications in cancer, COVID-19, and tissue regeneration.
  • Current limitations in EV production yield and scalability hinder clinical translation of EV-based therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review strategies for enhancing EV production yield.
  • To address the scalability and efficiency challenges for clinical applications of EV therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of physical, biological, and chemical methods for EV yield enhancement.
  • Analysis of novel approaches to increase EV production.

Main Results:

  • Identified various strategies to improve EV yield.
  • Some methods demonstrated up to a 100-fold increase in EV production.

Conclusions:

  • Enhanced EV production strategies are crucial for clinical translation.
  • Advances in EV yield are bringing therapeutic applications closer to reality.