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Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:26

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Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the common plasma source used in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), a technique that detects and analyzes various elements in a sample. This method is often called inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES).
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The instrumentation of atomic emission spectrometry (AES) involves various components, including atomization devices that convert samples into gas-phase atoms and ions. There are two main types of atomization devices: continuous and discrete atomizers.  Continuous atomizers, like plasmas and flames, introduce samples in a constant stream, while discrete atomizers inject individual samples using syringes or autosamplers. The most common discrete atomizer is the electrothermal atomizer.
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The absorbance of UV and visible (UV–visible) radiations is measured using a UV–visible spectrophotometer. Deuterium lamps, which emit UV radiation, and tungsten lamps, which produce radiation in the visible region, are used as light sources in UV–visible spectrophotometers. A monochromator or prism is used for diffraction grating, i.e., to split the incoming radiation into different wavelengths. A system of slits is used to focus the desired wavelength on the sample cell.
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An atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) comprises several components: a radiation source, an atomizer, a monochromator, and a detector. The radiation source can be a hollow-cathode lamp (HCL) or an electrodeless-discharge lamp (EDL), both of which provide a narrow emission line of the required wavelength. However, some instruments use continuum sources and high-resolution monochromators to achieve a narrow range of radiation.
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There are two main infrared (IR) spectrophotometers: dispersive IR spectrometers and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. In a dispersive IR spectrometer, a beam of infrared radiation produced by a hot wire is divided into two parallel equal-intensity beams using mirrors. One beam passes through the sample, while another is a reference beam. The beams then move through the monochromator, which separates the radiations into a continuous spectrum of different frequencies. The...
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A Snapshot Imaging Spectrometer Based on Uniformly Distributed-Slit Array (UDA).

Yan Xu1, Chunlai Li1,2,3, Shijie Liu1

  • 1Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|May 20, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a novel snapshot video hyperspectral imaging system using a uniformly distributed-slit array (UDA) coding plate. The UDA system enhances scanning speed and spectral fidelity for dynamic target identification.

Keywords:
snapshotspectral reconstructionuniformly distributed-slit arrayvideo spectral imaging

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Area of Science:

  • Optics and Photonics
  • Imaging Science
  • Spectroscopy

Background:

  • Hyperspectral imaging captures detailed spectral information but often faces limitations in speed and real-time data acquisition.
  • Snapshot hyperspectral imaging techniques aim to overcome temporal resolution constraints inherent in traditional scanning methods.
  • Developing systems that balance spectral fidelity with high-speed data capture is crucial for dynamic scene analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and validate a new snapshot video hyperspectral imaging system utilizing a uniformly distributed-slit array (UDA) coding plate.
  • To enhance the scanning speed and spectral fidelity of hyperspectral video acquisition.
  • To demonstrate the system's capability for identifying dynamic targets in real-time.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a mathematical model and optical link simulation for the UDA-based snapshot hyperspectral imaging system.
  • Implementation of a uniformly distributed-slit array (UDA) coding plate for efficient spectral data collection.
  • Experimental validation through spectral performance tests and external imaging of dynamic targets.

Main Results:

  • The proposed UDA system significantly improves information collection efficiency and spectral data cube restoration.
  • Achieved a low spectral smile of less than 4.86 μm, indicating high spectral accuracy.
  • Demonstrated real-time spatial spectrum video acquisition at a frame rate of 10 Hz with dynamic target identification capabilities.

Conclusions:

  • The UDA-based snapshot hyperspectral imaging system offers a viable solution for high-speed, high-fidelity spectral video acquisition.
  • The system lays the groundwork for future advancements in higher frame rate and resolution hyperspectral imaging.
  • This technology enables new possibilities for analyzing dynamic events across various scientific and industrial applications.