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Sound as Pressure Waves01:17

Sound as Pressure Waves

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Sound waves, which are longitudinal waves, can be modeled as the displacement amplitude varying as a function of the spatial and temporal coordinates. As a column of the medium is displaced, its successive columns are also displaced. As the successive displacements differ relatively, a pressure difference with the surrounding pressure is created. The gauge pressure varies across the medium.
The pressure fluctuation depends on the difference in displacements between the successive points in the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 22, 2025

Author Spotlight: A Stable Phantom Material for Optical and Acoustic Imaging
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MASE: An Instrument Designed to Record Underwater Soundscape.

Iván Rodríguez-Méndez1, Jonas Philipp Lüke1, Fernando Luis Rosa González1

  • 1Department of Industrial Engineering, University of La Laguna, P.O. Box 456, 38200 La Laguna, Spain.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|May 20, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a low-cost instrument, MASE, for real-time marine soundscape monitoring using ecoacoustic indices. This technology reduces data volume and enables long-term ecological studies, aiding conservation efforts.

Keywords:
PAMRaspberry Piecoacoustic indiceshydrophonepassive acoustic monitoringremote processingscientific buoysubsea monitoringunderwater noise monitoringunderwater technology

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Area of Science:

  • Ecoacoustics and Marine Bioacoustics
  • Environmental Monitoring and Conservation Technology
  • Underwater Acoustic Signal Processing

Background:

  • Soundscape analysis is crucial for understanding ecosystem health, informing conservation policies, and identifying environmental changes.
  • Passive Acoustic Monitoring (PAM) offers a non-invasive method for studying marine animal populations and the impact of anthropogenic noise.
  • Traditional PAM systems face challenges with data storage, processing capacity, high costs, and data transmission, especially in offshore environments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and evaluate a novel, low-cost instrument for continuous, real-time marine soundscape monitoring.
  • To reduce the significant data burden associated with long-term acoustic monitoring in marine ecosystems.
  • To enable long-term characterization of marine soundscapes and assess changes, including anthropogenic acoustic impacts.

Main Methods:

  • Development of the Marine Acoustic Soundscape Equipment (MASE), a low-cost instrument designed for marine environments.
  • MASE provides three key ecoacoustic indices at 10-minute intervals, facilitating real-time data availability and reduced data volume.
  • Deployment and continuous operation of MASE for 1.5 years in Gando Bay, Gran Canaria, with remote data access via an external server.

Main Results:

  • MASE demonstrated uninterrupted operation and structural integrity over 1.5 years, maintaining internal temperature and preserving data.
  • The instrument successfully monitored and characterized the soundscape of Gando Bay, providing real-time ecoacoustic indices.
  • Data allowed for the comparison of acoustic conditions during periods of confinement versus the return of anthropogenic activity.

Conclusions:

  • The MASE instrument offers a cost-effective and efficient solution for long-term marine soundscape monitoring.
  • Real-time ecoacoustic indices significantly reduce data management challenges, making continuous monitoring feasible.
  • This technology supports ecological research, conservation policy, and the assessment of human impacts on marine sound environments.