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Design and rationale of a nationwide screening analysis from the LIPIDOGRAM2015 and LIPIDOGEN2015 studies
Jacek J Jóźwiak1, Sławomir Kasperczyk2, Tomasz Tomasik3
1Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Opole, Opole, Poland.
Insights
This study investigated cardiovascular disease risk factors in Poland, focusing on lipid disorders, oxidative stress, and genetic predispositions. Findings highlight the prevalence of these factors and their links to cardiometabolic diseases.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Genetics
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading global cause of death.
- Atherosclerotic diseases share common risk factors with CVD.
- Understanding these factors in primary care is crucial for public health.
Purpose of the Study:
- To estimate the prevalence of atherosclerotic disease risk factors in Polish primary care.
- To analyze lipid metabolism, oxidative stress, and inflammatory markers.
- To identify genetic variants associated with cardiometabolic and atherosclerotic diseases.
Main Methods:
- Recruitment of 13,000-14,000 patients by 438 primary care physicians in Poland.
- Collection of questionnaire data on medical history, family history, and pharmacotherapy.
- Analysis of saliva for DNA and blood for biochemical markers (lipids, oxidative stress, inflammation, apolipoproteins).
Main Results:
- The study cohort reflects the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and related diseases.
- Data includes markers of oxidative stress, autoantibodies, inflammatory cytokines, and apolipoprotein profiles.
- Genetic variants conferring susceptibility to cardiometabolic and atherosclerotic diseases were assessed.
Conclusions:
- The study presents the prevalence of various cardiovascular risk factors, particularly lipid disorders.
- It assesses the interplay between inflammation, oxidative stress, and gene mutations in lipid metabolism.
- Findings contribute to understanding susceptibility to cardiovascular and cardiometabolic diseases.
Introduction:
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. The LIPIDOGRAM2015 study was performed to estimate the prevalence of risk factors for atherosclerotic diseases as well as cardiovascular and related disorders in the primary care setting in Poland. The LIPIDOGEN2015 sub-study was designed to include a random cohort of patients in order to analyse parameters related to lipid metabolism, oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, autoimmune disorders, and gene variants that confer susceptibility to cardiometabolic and atherosclerotic diseases.
Material And Methods:
The recruitment was carried out by 438 primary care physicians in Poland. The expected number of patients recruited for the LIPIDOGRAM2015 study was 13,000-14,000 with 13-15% (1700-2000) also participating in the LIPIDOGEN2015 sub-study. Each patient had to complete a questionnaire concerning medical and family history, concomitant diseases, and pharmacotherapy. Anthropometric measurements were performed at the doctor's office. For the LIPIDOGEN2015 sub-study, saliva samples for DNA isolation and blood samples for measurement of glycated haemoglobin, oxidative stress parameters, autoantibody levels, and inflammatory cytokine profile and apolipoprotein profile were collected. Follow-up data will be obtained from the National Health Fund in Poland.
Results:
The LIPIDOGRAM2015 and LIPIDOGEN2015 study cohort reflects the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and concomitant diseases, markers of oxidative stress, the presence of autoantibodies, inflammatory cytokine profile, and apolipoprotein profile, as well as genetic variants potentially conferring susceptibility to cardiometabolic and atherosclerotic diseases.
Conclusions:
This study presents the prevalence of different CV risk factors, with special emphasis on lipid disorders, and it assesses the relationship between inflammation, oxidative stress, and mutations in genes encoding proteins regulating lipid metabolism, as well as genes conferring susceptibility to cardiovascular, cardiometabolic, and related diseases.
