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The Role of MicroRNA in DNA Damage Response

Yongxin Li1, Yan Tong2, Jiaqi Liu1

  • 1School of Public Health (Institute of Occupational Diseases), Hangzhou Medical College (Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences), Hangzhou, China.

Frontiers in Genetics
|May 20, 2022
PubMed

Insights

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression. This review explores how miRNAs impact DNA damage response and genomic stability, influencing cancer development and potential new therapies.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • DNA integrity is vital for organismal function and development.
  • DNA damage from various agents triggers a complex DNA damage response (DDR).
  • Aberrant DDR is implicated in cancer and other diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the DNA damage response.
  • To elucidate how miRNAs influence genomic stability and tumorigenesis.
  • To provide a basis for understanding miRNA mechanisms in DDR and developing novel therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating miRNA involvement in DNA damage.
  • Analysis of miRNA regulation of key DDR pathways including cell cycle, DNA repair, and apoptosis.
  • Synthesis of evidence linking altered miRNA expression to cancer pathogenesis.

Main Results:

  • Evidence suggests miRNAs are dysregulated in various cancers.
  • MiRNAs can modulate DNA repair efficiency, cell cycle progression, and apoptosis following DNA damage.
  • Altered miRNA expression can impact genomic stability and contribute to tumorigenesis.

Conclusions:

  • MiRNAs play a significant role in the DNA damage response.
  • Understanding miRNA-mediated DDR pathways is crucial for cancer research.
  • MiRNAs represent potential therapeutic targets for diseases involving DNA damage and genomic instability.
Keywords:
DNA damage repairDNA damage responseapoptosiscell cyclemicroRNA

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