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Updated: Sep 22, 2025

Using 22C3 Anti-PD-L1 Antibody Concentrate on Biopsy and Cytology Samples from Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Patients
Published on: September 25, 2018
PD-L1 in oral squamous cell carcinoma: A key biomarker from the laboratory to the bedside
Riccardo Nocini1, Matteo Vianini2, Ilaria Girolami3
1Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Department, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy.
Objectives And Background:
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a highly malignant disease with an increasing incidence. The need to improve therapeutic strategies for patients affected by OSCC is an urgent challenge. Currently, the advent of immunotherapy represents an important step toward this aim. Programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), a membrane protein that can be expressed on tumor and inflammatory cells is a key biomarker whose expression is determined by means of immunohistochemistry and is necessary for selecting patients for immunotherapy.
Methods:
In this study, we review the methods of PD-L1 assessment and outcomes achieved with immunotherapy in the treatment of OSCC patients.
Results:
Based on a meta-analysis we demonstrate a lack of prognostic significance of PD-L1 in OSCC.
Conclusions:
We also highlight unresolved issues including difficulties in standardizing PD-L1 evaluation and discuss future opportunities such as leveraging digital pathology.
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