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Transition Metal Catalysis Controlled by Hydrogen Bonding in the Second Coordination Sphere
Joost N H Reek1,2, Bas de Bruin1, Sonja Pullen1
1Homogeneous and Supramolecular Catalysis, Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Hydrogen bonds can program the second coordination sphere of metal catalysts, enhancing their activity and selectivity. This approach improves various catalytic transformations, enabling more sustainable chemical processes.
Area of Science:
- Catalysis
- Supramolecular Chemistry
- Sustainable Chemistry
Background:
- Transition metal catalysis is crucial for sustainable industrial and academic processes.
- Catalyst performance relies on metal and ligand properties, with a focus on ligand development.
- The second coordination sphere offers further control over catalyst activity and selectivity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the role of hydrogen bonding in controlling the second coordination sphere.
- To highlight strategies for utilizing hydrogen bonds in catalyst design.
- To demonstrate the impact of second coordination sphere control on catalytic performance.
Main Methods:
- Review of literature on hydrogen bonding in transition metal catalysis.
- Analysis of supramolecular bidentate ligands formed via hydrogen bonds.
- Examination of hydrogen bond-mediated substrate preorganization.
Main Results:
- Hydrogen bonds provide strong yet dynamic interactions for second coordination sphere control.
- Strategies include bridging ligands and substrate preorganization.
- These methods yield catalysts with superior properties.
Conclusions:
- Hydrogen bonding is a powerful tool for programming the second coordination sphere.
- This strategy enhances catalyst performance in diverse reactions like hydrogenation and C-H activation.
- Utilizing hydrogen bonds advances sustainable catalysis.
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