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Comparing Social Robot Embodiment for Child Musical Education.

Bruno de Souza Jeronimo1, Anna Priscilla de Albuquerque Wheler1, José Paulo G de Oliveira2

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Children preferred specific social robot features for music education tasks. This study compared NAO and Zenbo robots in a Human-Robot Interaction (HRI) guitar tuner application, revealing key design insights for educational robots.

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Area of Science:

  • Robotics
  • Human-Robot Interaction (HRI)
  • Child Computer Interaction (CCI)
  • Music Education Technology

Background:

  • Social robots are increasingly used in educational settings.
  • Understanding children's preferences for robot embodiment is crucial for effective Human-Robot Interaction (HRI).
  • Previous research often lacks direct comparison of different robot models in specific educational contexts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare children's design preferences for two social robot models (NAO and Zenbo) in a music education application.
  • To identify key robot embodiment features (shape, motion, displays, expressivity) that influence usability and engagement.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of a remote experimental protocol for HRI studies during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative study involving 20 children aged 9-11 using a Human-Robot Interaction (HRI) guitar tuner application.
  • Implemented the application on NAO and Zenbo social robots, focusing on tuning and performance evaluation functionalities.
  • Utilized a remote experimental protocol to collect quantitative and qualitative feedback on robot embodiment and usability.

Main Results:

  • Significant differences were observed in children's perceived preferences for robot embodiment features between the NAO and Zenbo robots.
  • Children's feedback highlighted specific aspects of robot shape, motion, displays, and emotional expressivity as important for engagement.
  • The remote evaluation protocol proved effective for gathering user data in a socially distanced context.

Conclusions:

  • Robot embodiment significantly influences children's acceptance and usability of social robots in educational settings.
  • Design recommendations for future educational robots include considerations for physical appearance, interactive displays, and expressive capabilities tailored to child users.
  • Remote HRI study protocols offer a viable alternative for research continuity, particularly in robotics, during public health crises.