Hereditary Gingival Fibromatosis and Developmental Anomalies: A Case Report

Hereditary gingival fibromatosis is the most common genetic form of gingival fibromatosis that develops as a slow, progressive, benign, localized, or generalized enlargement of the keratinized gingiva. It is a genetically heterogeneous disorder transmitted as an autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive trait or appears sporadically. Here, we report a case of a male patient with generalized gingival hyperplasia with great tissue extension to the palatal region, bilateral mandibular torus, bilateral exostosis in the maxillary posterior region, anterior open bite, and diastema in anterior maxilla and mandible teeth. The mucous membranes were healthy and normal colored, with pale pink gums and firm teeth upon palpation. Computed tomography also revealed images suggestive of supernumerary teeth. The patient reported that his mother and a maternal aunt have the same gingival condition. Considering the gingival characteristic, the patient's family history, and the absence of other possible etiological factors of gingival hyperplasia, the diagnostic hypothesis was hereditary gingival fibromatosis. The surgical removal of the enlarged tissue through gingivectomy with internal bevel, osteoplasty, and removal of supernumerary teeth with a subsequent filling of the surgical sites with platelet and leukocyte-rich fibrin membranes in the same surgical time presented good functional and aesthetic results for the young patient with hereditary gingival fibromatosis. It is a viable possibility for clinical management of similar cases.