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Related Concept Videos

Antimicrobial Effectiveness01:28

Antimicrobial Effectiveness

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The effectiveness of antimicrobial agents depends on various factors influencing their ability to eliminate microbial populations. Larger microbial populations require more time for complete eradication, emphasizing the importance of population size analysis when evaluating antimicrobial efficacy.Microbial resistance to antimicrobial agents varies significantly. Highly resilient microorganisms include endospores, gram-negative bacteria, and non-enveloped viruses, while prions are exceptionally...
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Chemical Agents for Microbial Control01:27

Chemical Agents for Microbial Control

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Chemicals play important roles in controlling microbial growth by targeting microbial structures and functions as sanitizers, antiseptics, disinfectants, and sterilants.Alcohols are commonly used sanitizers, effectively disrupting lipid membranes, which compromises cell integrity. They are also used as antiseptics and disinfectants due to their rapid action and versatility.Phenols and their derivatives phenolics , known for denaturing proteins and disrupting cell membranes, are particularly...
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Cleaning, Sterilization, and Disinfection01:30

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Cleaning, disinfection, and sterilization are the methods that help to break the infection chain and prevent disease.
Cleaning
The cleaning process usually involves using water with detergents or enzymatic cleaner and removing foreign material from objects and surfaces, including organic material such as body fluids or inorganic material like soil. Cleaning is performed before high-level disinfection and sterilization because foreign materials on the cover of the devices interfere with process...
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Hand hygiene01:23

Hand hygiene

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Asepsis is the practice of preventing or breaking the chain of infection. The nurse employs aseptic techniques to prevent the spread of microorganisms and reduce the risk of diseases. Hand hygiene is the cornerstone of aseptic techniques and is classified into medical and surgical asepsis. Medical asepsis includes hand hygiene and the use of gloves. Surgical asepsis, or the sterile technique, refers to practices that render and keep objects and areas free of microorganisms.
Hand washing...
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Development of Antibiotic Resistance01:30

Development of Antibiotic Resistance

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Antibiotic resistance is a major public health concern that arises when bacteria evolve mechanisms to withstand the effects of antibiotic treatments. This resistance can be intrinsic, acquired through genetic mutations, or transferred between bacteria via horizontal gene transfer. The development of antibiotic resistance poses significant challenges in treating bacterial infections and necessitates ongoing research to develop new therapeutic strategies.Intrinsic resistance occurs when bacterial...
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Surface Membrane Barriers01:18

Surface Membrane Barriers

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The skin and mucous membranes serve as the primary line of defense against pathogens by providing both physical and chemical protection. These barriers are essential in preventing the entry and establishment of microbes, thereby maintaining the integrity of the host.
The outer layer of the skin, the epidermis, is a robust barrier comprising layers of closely packed keratinized cells. This dense arrangement prevents microbes from penetrating the body. The periodic shedding of epidermal cells...
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Resisting disinfectants.

Harrie F G van Dijk1, Henri A Verbrugh2,

  • 1Health Council of The Netherlands, P/O Box 16052, 2500 BB The Hague, The Netherlands.

Communications Medicine
|May 23, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Disinfectants can contribute to antimicrobial resistance, potentially worsening antibiotic resistance. Prudent, evidence-based use of all antimicrobial agents, including disinfectants, is essential to combat this growing public health threat.

Keywords:
Bacterial infectionPreventive medicine

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Disinfectants are widely used in healthcare and community settings.
  • The link between disinfectant use and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is often underestimated.
  • AMR poses a significant global health challenge, threatening the efficacy of antibiotics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the underappreciated role of disinfectants in the development of antimicrobial resistance.
  • To explain the mechanisms by which disinfectants can drive AMR.
  • To advocate for the prudent and evidence-based use of all antimicrobial agents.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing scientific literature on disinfectant use and AMR.
  • Analysis of the biological mechanisms linking disinfectant exposure to resistance phenotypes.
  • Discussion of public health implications and recommendations.

Main Results:

  • Disinfectants can select for resistant microorganisms.
  • Cross-resistance between disinfectants and antibiotics can emerge.
  • Inappropriate disinfectant use contributes to the overall burden of antimicrobial resistance.

Conclusions:

  • Disinfectants are antimicrobial agents and their use must be carefully considered.
  • Evidence-based guidelines are needed to ensure responsible disinfectant application.
  • Integrating disinfectant stewardship into broader antimicrobial stewardship programs is crucial.